The increase in body length is considered one of the most important indicators child development. age varies according to established patterns that are inherent in certain time intervals. An important role in the process under consideration is played by heredity. In addition, scientists have proven that a growing body is greatly influenced by external factors, such as the quality of nutrition. To understand the correctness, you need to consider the established age norms, taking into account the genetic data of the child and his living conditions.

Conventionally, the development of the child is divided into four main time periods: infants - from birth to one year, early period - from 12 to 36 months, preschoolers - from 3 to 7 years, and adolescents - 7-17 years.

baby

The most intense changes in babies occur from the first day to a year. In this time interval, the growth of the child by age is classified according to monthly indicators. Every month, mom visits the pediatrician to control the growing body of the crumbs. The specialist evaluates the measurement results in accordance with the tables developed by WHO, taking into account the heredity of the baby.

Until 2006, old growth tables were used, the data in which were somewhat overestimated, as they were focused on babies receiving. Today, WHO takes into account infants and looks at their development indicators differently. Since 2006, the organization has provided new data that determines the height of children by age. The table below will help you figure out how the baby grows.

Age, months

Low - Below average

Above average - High

Growth values ​​ranging from "Below Average" to "Above Average" correspond to normal growth. The numbers in the "Low" and "High" sections can indicate both the genetic characteristics of the child and violations hormonal background. You should pay attention to this and consult a pediatrician. Growth that is less than the "Low" limit and more than the "High" interval most often indicates certain diseases associated with a violation of the process of physical development. Such babies require an assessment of their condition by specialists, since these pathologies need to be corrected.

Early period

After a year, the little one continues to grow, but not as intensively as in the previous period. From one year to three years of age, you can put the baby to the height meter once every 6 months.

For this period, WHO has also established indicators that can be used to estimate the growth of children by age. The table below contains average standards.

boys

92 to 100

preschool age

It is customary to classify children from three to seven years of age as preschoolers. They grow and improve in development. After three years, the growth of the child by age is characterized by unevenness. Between 4 and 5 years, babies grow by about four to six centimeters. But in the sixth and seventh years they increase, and the annual increase, on average, ranges from 8 to 10 cm. Six-year-olds and seven-year-olds have a stretching stage. At this age, both the lower and upper limbs are lengthened in children.

Teenagers

If the length of the body of the babies approximately coincides with the tabular data, then in the growth of the child according to certain intervals. Children at this stage grow up in leaps and bounds. And for each of them, the jump can fall on a different period.

One child may already reach his final height at 13 years old, while another only begins to stretch at this time. At the same time, a certain teenager can grow up in one summer, while his friend adds in growth gradually. Children stretch most intensively with the onset of puberty. Girls begin to grow earlier and faster - at 10-12 years old, and boys - at 13-16 years old.

What does the growth process depend on?

For each parent, it is important to correctly match the height and age of the child. Therefore, you need to know that the process of growing up is influenced by various factors. The main role belongs to heredity. Proper nutrition is also important. A balanced diet is a prerequisite for the proper formation of children. Providing their child with the necessary amount of fat, protein and carbohydrate components, as well as mineral salts and vitamin elements, parents create conditions for proper development, growth and formation of his body in all time intervals. These include infants, early childhood, preschool and

The weight and height of the child also depend on many other factors: physical exercises, the quality of care for him, the daily routine, the psychological atmosphere in the family.

A child who gets enough rest develops correctly, but lack of sleep and chronic fatigue can adversely affect physical performance. In addition, there is an opinion of scientists that children add more intensive growth in their sleep.

Basketball, jumping, volleyball and other sports activities have a stimulating effect on the young body. But constant stress and mental stress negatively affect not only growth, but also health in general.

Every parent from time to time has a question about what should be the growth of the child by age. We all know that there are certain norms developed on the basis of average indicators. If you mark on the stadiometer how your baby is growing, then this allows you to observe the ratio of the height and age of the child in a very informative and convenient way.

Loving moms and dads should know the growth rate of the child by age. This will allow you to notice the problem in time, for example, adding indicators too slowly or too quickly. If any problem is identified, you should contact your pediatrician.

The average height of children by age depends on heredity, lifestyle, nutrition, level physical activity, duration , availability positive emotions, as well as from the general state of health and past diseases. Toddlers should eat as many vegetables, fruits, protein and (found in dairy and sour-milk products) as possible. It is important that they often walk in the fresh air.

Table of age-weight-height of the child "

Below is a table that shows the average data depending on gender. It covers ages 0 to 14, when children grow the fastest.

Age boys Girls
(years) Height (cm) Weight, kg) Height (cm) Weight, kg)
0 50 3,6 49 3,4
0,5 68 7,9 66 7,2
1 76 10,3 75 9,5
1,5 82 11,7 80 11
2 89 12,6 86 12,1
2,5 92 13,3 91 12,9
3 98 14,3 95 14
4 102 16,3 100 15,9
5 110 18,6 109 17,9
6 115 20,9 115 20,2
7 123 23 123 22,7
8 129 25,7 129 25,7
9 136 28,5 136 29
10 140 31,9 140 32,9
11 143 35,9 144 37
12 150 40,6 152 41,7
13 156 45,8 156 45,7
14 162 51,1 160 49,4

Compliance with the height and age of the child

Cases of violation of how a boy or girl grows require finding out the cause and resolving the problem. Often this can be due to hormonal imbalances, insufficient or excessive nutrition, and an unhealthy lifestyle.

In the case of dwarfism, there is a delay in physical development. The first signs can be seen as early as 2-3 years, when the increase in performance differs from the norm by more than 50%. In the case of gigantism, as a rule, there is an excess production of growth hormone, due to which the baby is ahead of normal development. In both cases, you need to pass the appropriate tests, undergo magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography of the brain.

What is your project about?
Our project was created specifically for an inexperienced person in the field of medicine, with us you can always consult with a specialist on certain issues related to human health. The site has an encyclopedia for the study of honey. terms as well. Below are the news.

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Posted: 2006-11-03

The car is potentially dangerous for the people around it, and if its driver is drunk, then the threat becomes very obvious. According to the traffic police, in Russia every eighth traffic accident is caused by a driver who was in a state of intoxication. Tens of thousands of people die in "drunk" road accidents every year - and these statistics cannot be ignored.

The percentage of overweight children worldwide is increasing at an alarming rate - on average, one in three adolescents or children are now overweight or obese.

Now many children spend little time on training and outdoor games, they spend more time in front of the TV, playing video games or the computer. And in many working, busy families, parents have less free time to prepare healthy, home-cooked meals. From fast food to the computer, fast and in a hurry is the reality for many families.

To keep children from being overweight means to establish in the family correct mode nutrition and sports activities, as well as useful recreation together. We must include our children in healthy lifestyle life by your own example.

Is your child underweight or overweight?

The World Health Organization (WHO), the US Department of Health, as well as most countries around the world successfully use BMI - body mass index - which is based on the ratio of height and weight, and the subsequent calculation of the proportion of fat in the human body to assess excess weight in adults and children. The BMI calculation method is the development of Adolf Quetelet and for children it provides a special scheme. First you need to calculate the BMI of the child according to the general formula:

Body mass index (BMI) calculator using the Quetelet formula

Since children and adolescents are characterized by active growth and development, their BMI can change significantly over a short period of time. Therefore, the usual assessment of BMI, common in adults, is not suitable for them. In order to accurately and correctly estimate the body mass index of a child, scientists examined the ratio of mass and height of many thousands of children. And when it comes to determining whether your child's BMI is normal or out of range, comparison tables - "percentage curves", or distribution scales - with averages for children of this age and height will give you the opportunity to understand whether weight needs to be adjusted. In this way, your child's body mass index is compared to the average of thousands of other children. This approach takes into account the developmental stages that children go through in certain age groups. For example, if a child has a body mass index higher than 97% of children of the same age, then it can be concluded that the child is overweight.
This table contains information on the BMI of adolescents and children of both sexes from 2 to 20 years.

As a result, your child's BMI will fall into one of four categories:

  • Lack of weight: BMI below the 5th average (percentage curve);
  • healthy weight: BMI between 5th and 85th average;
  • Overweight: BMI between 85 and 95;
  • Obesity: BMI is in the region of 95 or higher.
For children under 2 years of age, doctors use weight-for-height charts and a thorough physical examination.

Table for estimating the weight and height of a child by BMI



At the same time, BMI is not an ideal indicator of the amount of body fat and can be misleading in some cases. For example, a heavily muscled teenager can have a high BMI without being overweight (muscle is added to body weight, not weight). overweight). In addition, BMI can be difficult to estimate correctly during puberty, in which young people go through stages rapid growth. In any case, it's important to remember that BMI is generally a good indicator, but it's not a direct measurement of body fat.

To establish the exact percentage of adipose tissue allows bioimpedance analysis. With the help of a certain device, a weak safe is passed through the body electricity by changing its frequency. Various fabrics bodies have different resistance to electric current, thus, it becomes possible to calculate what proportion of the body is muscle, and what proportion is bone and fat.

If you are concerned that your child may be overweight or underweight, arrange an appointment with your primary care physician to evaluate nutrition and levels. physical activity and suggest positive changes. Your doctor may also recommend prevention for certain conditions associated with being underweight or obese.

Norms of weight and height of the child by age

Table of height and weight of a child up to a year

Age Height in cm Weight in kg.
Very low Short Average High Very tall Very low Short Average High Very tall

1 month

49.5 cm. 51.2 cm. 54.5cm. 56.5cm. 57.3 cm. 3.3 kg. 3.6kg. 4.3kg. 5.1kg. 5.4kg.

2 month

52.6cm. 53.8cm. 57.3 cm. 59.4 cm. 60.9cm. 3.9 kg. 4.2kg. 5.1kg. 6.0kg. 6.4kg.

3 months

55.3 cm. 56.5cm. 60.0 cm. 62.0 cm. 63.8cm. 4.5kg. 4.9kg. 5.8kg. 7.0kg. 7.3kg.

4 months

57.5cm. 58.7cm. 62.0 cm. 64.5cm. 66.3 cm. 5.1kg. 5.5kg. 6.5kg. 7.6kg. 8.1kg.

5 months

59.9cm. 61.1 cm. 64.3 cm. 67cm 68.9cm. 5.6kg. 6.1kg. 7.1kg. 8.3kg. 8.8kg.

6 months

61.7cm. 63cm 66.1 cm. 69cm 71.2cm. 6.1kg. 6.6kg. 7.6kg. 9.0kg. 9.4kg.

7 months

63.8cm. 65.1 cm. 68cm 71.1 cm. 73.5cm. 6.6kg. 7.1kg. 8.2kg. 9.5kg. 9.9kg.

8 months

65.5cm. 66.8cm. 70cm 73.1 cm. 75.3 cm. 7.1kg. 7.5kg. 8.6kg. 10kg. 10.5kg.

9 months

67.3 cm. 68.2 cm. 71.3cm. 75.1 cm. 78.8cm. 7.5kg. 7.9kg. 9.1kg. 10.5kg. 11kg.

10 months

68.8cm. 69.1 cm. 73cm 76.9cm. 78.8cm. 7.9kg.
8.3kg. 9.5kg. 10.9kg. 11.4kg.

11 months

70.1 cm. 71.3cm. 74.3cm. 78cm 80.3 cm.
8.2kg.
8.6kg. 9.8kg. 11.2kg. 11.8kg.
Very low Short Average High Very tall Very low Short Average High Very tall

Table of height and weight of the child by year

Height in cm Weight in kg.
Very low Short Average High Very tall Very low Short Average High Very tall

1 year

71.2cm. 72.3 cm. 75.5cm. 79.7cm. 81.7cm. 8.5kg. 8.9kg. 10.0kg. 11.6kg. 12.1kg.

2 years

81.3 cm. 83cm 86.8cm. 90.8 cm. 94cm 10.6kg. 11kg. 12.6kg. 14.2kg. 15.0kg.

3 years

88cm 90cm 96cm 102.0 cm. 104.5 cm. 12.1kg. 12.8kg. 14.8kg. 16.9kg. 17.7kg.

4 years

93.2 cm. 95.5 cm. 102cm. 108cm. 110.6 cm. 13.4kg. 14.2kg. 16.4kg. 19.4kg. 20.3kg.

5 years

98.9cm. 101,5 108.3 cm. 114.5 cm. 117cm. 14.8kg. 15.7kg. 18.3kg. 21.7kg. 23.4kg.

6 years

105cm. 107.7 cm. 115m 121.1 cm. 123.8cm. 16.3kg. 17.5kg. 20.4kg. 24.7kg. 26.7kg.

7 years

111cm. 113.6cm. 121.2 cm. 128cm. 130.6cm. 18kg. 19.5kg. 22.9kg. 28kg. 30.8kg.

8 years

116.3 cm. 119cm. 126.9cm. 134.5 cm. 137cm. 20kg. 21.5kg. 25.5kg. 31.4kg. 35.5kg.

9 years

121.5 cm. 124.7 cm. 133.4 cm. 140.3 cm. 143cm. 21.9kg. 23.5kg. 28.1kg. 35.1kg. 39.1kg.

10 years

126.3 cm. 129.4 cm. 137.8 cm. 146.7 cm. 149.2 cm. 23.9kg. 25.6kg. 31.4kg. 39.7kg. 44.7kg.

11 years

131.3 cm. 134.5 cm. 143.2 cm. 152.9cm. 156.2 cm. 26kg. 28kg. 34.9kg. 44.9kg. 51.5kg.

12 years old

136.2 cm. 140cm. 149.2 cm. 159.5 cm. 163.5 cm. 28.2kg. 30.7kg. 38.8kg. 50.6kg. 58.7kg.

13 years old

141.8 cm. 145.7 cm. 154.8 cm. 166cm. 170.7 cm. 30.9kg. 33.8kg. 43.4kg. 56.8kg. 66.0kg.

14 years

148.3 cm. 152.3 cm. 161.2 cm. 172cm 176.7 cm. 34.3kg. 38kg. 48.8kg. 63.4kg. 73.2kg.

15 years

154.6 cm. 158.6 cm. 166.8cm. 177.6 cm. 181.6 cm. 38.7kg. 43kg. 54.8kg. 70kg. 80.1kg.
Very low Short Average
High
very high Very low Short Average High very high

Prevention of overweight and obesity

The key to keeping kids of all ages at a healthy weight is lifestyle for the whole family. This is what is "preached" in the family. Make physical activity and healthy eating a family hobby. To make it fun for the kids too, let them help plan healthy menus and prepare them, and take them to the grocery store with you so they learn how to choose healthy and healthy foods.
Don't fall into these common nutrition traps:
  • Do not reward children for good behavior or try to keep them from bad behavior with sweets or treats. Reward or punishment should not include food, there are many other effective and right ways education.
  • Don't Support the "Clean Plate Policy". Watch for signs that your child is hungry. Even babies who turn away from a bottle or breast report that they are full. If the children are full, do not force them to continue eating. Remind ourselves that we should only eat when we are hungry.
  • Don't talk about "unhealthy foods" and don't completely eliminate all sweets and favorite treats from the children's menu. Children are more likely to rebel and eat large amounts of these unhealthy foods outside the home or when their parents are not watching.

conclusions

It is not easy to motivate a child for a result, he cannot be “put” on a diet. In turn, adolescence complicated by the fact that there is a danger of self-rejection, isolation, depression, anorexia. Once you've figured out if your child needs weight management, we'd like to make some additional recommendations for kids of all ages:
  • From birth to 1 year: In addition to the well-known health benefits, breastfeeding can help prevent excessive weight gain as well. And although the exact mechanism has not yet been established, children on breastfeeding, more clearly feel their hunger and satiety, thus protecting themselves from overeating.
  • From 1 year to 5 years: It is better to develop good habits from an early age. Help your child establish healthy eating habits by offering a variety of healthy foods. Encourage the child's natural inclination to activity and help him develop.
  • 6 to 12 years old: Keep your child physically active every day. Let it be Sport section or outdoor games in the yard. Encourage activity at home - in everyday housework and in joint games and walks on weekends. Teach your child to choose healthy and healthy foods, help him pack his own sandwiches for school.
  • 13 to 18 years old: Teenagers often lean towards fast food, but try to encourage them to eat healthier. For example, sandwiches with baked chicken meat, salads and smaller portions. Teach them how to cook delicious healthy meals and treats at home. Help them maintain physical activity every day.
  • All ages: Reduce the amount of time your child spends in front of the TV, computer and playing video games. Fight your child's habit of eating by watching TV or a computer monitor. Try to prepare and offer your child a variety of healthy foods. Try to have breakfast, lunch and dinner with your child together. Encourage children to eat vegetables and fruits at least five times a day, limit sugary drinks, and never skip breakfast.
By eating right, exercising frequently, and incorporating healthy habits into your family's normal daily routine, you are building a healthy lifestyle for your children that they can continue to maintain. Explain to them the importance of physical activity and proper nutrition but be sure to make it your shared family habit so that it becomes second nature to each of you.

But above all, let your children know that you love them regardless of their weight, and your main desire is to help them be happy and healthy.

The neighbor's boy Vanya is almost half a head taller than my six-year-old son, despite the fact that they are the same age. But my teenage daughter is the opposite - she is the tallest in the class among girls. What if the son will remain short, and the daughter will grow more and more?

Like any mother who worries about the future of her child, such questions haunt me. Of course, appearance is not the main thing, but still, you don’t want them to say about your child later “a good guy, but he didn’t come out tall.” Does the growth correspond to the age of the child, and what factors can influence these indicators?

Matching the height and age of the child. All children "one size fits all".

It is known that arithmetic mean values ​​are used to create any anthropometry table. From this it should be concluded that not all children can "fit" into the obtained values. And does this mean that this child does not correspond in size to his age? Yes, but only in tabular values.

Despite this, all pediatricians and parents want the baby to at least keep up with the generally accepted norms in physical development. Naturally, the minimum discrepancy between the height and age of the baby will not play a big role, however, it is the comparison of his anthropometric data with tabular norms that helps to assess physical development.

Correspondence of the height and age of the child: jumps "up".

In certain age periods there is an intensive growth in children. A child can "stretch out" in a matter of months. Usually mothers notice this by his clothes, which become small. Fast growing children are usually seen:

  • At the age of three;
  • At the age of seven;
  • At 10 years old, more often in girls;
  • At 13-15 years old, more often in boys;

Correspondence table for the height and age of children up to a year (cm):

Age Girls boys
Newborn 46-53 47-54
1 month 49-57 50-56
2 months 51-60 53-59
3 months 54-62 56-62
4 months 56-65 58-65
5 months 59-68 60-67
6 months 60-70 62-70
7 months 62-71 64-72
8 months 64-73 66-74
9 months 66-75 68-77
10 months 67-76 69-78
11 months 68-78 70-80
1 year 69-79 71-81

Table of correspondence between the height and age of children from one year to 17 years (cm):

Age Boys height (cm) Girls height (cm)
Short Average High Short Average High
1.5 years 74-76 77-82 83-85 72-75 76-80 81-83
2 years 81-83 84-89 90-94 80-82 83-89 90-92
3 years 88-91 92-101 102-104 89-92 93-99 100-103
4 years 93-97 98-107 108-110 94-97 98-105 106-109
5 years 98-103 104-113 114-117 99-104 104-112 113-116
6 years 105-109 110-118 119-123 105-109 110-119 120-124
7 years 111-115 116-127 128-131 111-115 116-127 128-131
8 years 116-121 122-133 134-137 116-122 123-133 134-137
9 years 121-124 125-139 140-143 122-127 128-139 140-144
10 years 126-132 133-145 146-149 127-133 134-145 146-151
11 years 131-137 138-151 152-156 131-139 140-152 153-157
12 years old 136-142 143-158 159-163 137-144 145-158 159-163
13 years old 141-148 149-165 166-170 143-158 151-162 163-168
14 years 148-155 156-171 172-176 147-154 155-166 167-171
15 years 154-161 162-176 177-181 150-156 157-168 169-173
16 years 158-165 166-181 182-186 151-157 158-169 170-173
17 years 162-170 171-185 186-188 152-157 158-169 170-174

Matching the height and age of the child. What factors affect this?

hereditary factor.

(Dad's height + mother's height) / 2 = x + 5 cm (for boys) or x-5 cm (for girls). In this way, you can calculate the approximate height of your "adult" child. According to such calculations, if the mother is 160 cm tall and the father is 190 cm tall, the estimated height of the matured child will be about 175 cm. However, such a simple formula does not take into account the gender of the child, the dominance of the genes of the father or mother, therefore it is used extremely rarely.

Nutrition.

The correspondence between the growth and age of the child largely depends on the quality of nutrition. The lack of minerals and trace elements necessary for growth and development can play a cruel joke. With insufficient intake of fats and proteins, the body simply does not have the ability to synthesize hormones, build new cells, develop and grow. That is why it is so important that your child eat regularly and in a balanced way.

Hormonal background.

thyroid disease, diabetes, premature puberty also affect the growth of the child.

Quality and duration of sleep;

Physical and psycho-emotional stress;

Psychological situation at home;

Intrauterine developmental delay (with complicated pregnancy);

Chromosomal abnormalities.

Matching the height and age of the child. We take correct measurements.

Before you ask the question about the appropriateness of growth for the age of the child, you need to learn how to measure it.

Children up to a year are measured with a centimeter tape in the prone position. For this baby, you can put it on the table, gently straighten the baby's knees and take a measurement.

Older children are measured using a height meter in the clinic or a homemade paper height meter that is pre-attached to the wall. The feet of your child should be tightly shifted together, arms along the body in a free position, knees unbent and relaxed. When taking measurements, the child should touch the wall at three points: shoulder blades, buttocks, feet. For the most accurate measurement, a flat object should be applied to the top of the child's head in a perpendicular direction.

If the growth of the child does not correspond to age - do not take this news to heart. Surround the baby with care and love, create conditions for his physical and creative development and enjoy every day spent together. Childhood is fleeting, you will not notice how quickly your children will grow up and become big and adults.