Today, many of our fellow citizens began to be actively interested in political and economic processes occurring in the country, browse news and analytical sites, telecasts, read newspapers.

Sometimes it is difficult to understand what we are talking about, because of the misunderstanding of the meaning of expressions used by politicians and journalists. For example, very often it comes to GDP, its growth or possible reduction is discussed. About what is the GDP of our state and what it affects, we will talk today.

When politicians or journalists talk about GDP, they, as a rule, do not mean Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. This is a generally accepted abbreviation (reducing the generally accepted expression to the first letters of the words, of which it consists), which is deciphered as a gross domestic product.

This is a very important indicator of the economy of any country, which shows the level of development of its industry, agriculture and other industries, as well as the level of welfare of its inhabitants. Sometimes in articles you can meet English abbreviation GDP ( Gross Domestic Product.) - It has exactly the same meaning as GDP.

GDP is the total number of services produced in the state and rendered services for a certain period of time. The most often evaluated the annual GDP of the country, but smaller periods are often used for the interim assessment - half a year, quarter or month.


In order for the assessment to be as objective as possible, accounting is carried out at the cost of goods. It is important that intermediate goods in the calculation do not take part - only the final product, produced and consumed within the country or sold abroad.

For example, the annual GDP of the Petrov family will develop from:

- wages received for this year - Father and Mother's salary;

- the monetary value of apples and raspberries grown in the countryside by the grandfather;

- the cost of the grandmother's vessels condensed with a grandmother and socks (less the cost of yarn) and baked pies (minus the cost of products purchased on the salary of parents).

The GDP of any country consists of goods that have a material and intangible expression (services) produced in the year for the end user. This includes the total cost of cars or machines, and the cost of baked bread, bulls and cakes, and the cost of lectures in universities and cured patients in clinics.

Counting GDP is very complex, they are engaged in professional economists on special techniques. To date, two basic principles of counting are used:

- profitable - the summation of the cost of produced products;

- Consumables - the summation of funds spent during the year.


With the right count, both amounts must be approximately equal. You can calculate the GDP per capita, for which the GDP indicator is divided into the number of the country's population.

In addition, there are still GDP, which is calculated by purchasing power parity (PPS). This is a more objective indicator of the state of the economy, since it is calculated taking into account the real prices operating in the country. So, if in one country the cost kilogram of bread is 1 US dollar, and in another - 3 US dollars, then the nominal GDP of the second country will be higher, even if the amount of bread in both countries is equally.

The value of PPP GDP reflects the state of affairs in the state than nominal GDP. Its magnitude is traditionally calculated in US dollars, which are used as an international monetary unit.

For 2013, the nominal GDP of the Russian Federation amounted to 66,753 billion rubles or 2,097 billion US dollars. Nominal GDP per capita is equal to $ 14,818 - this is the eighth place in size among the economies of the world.

GDP on the PPP of the Russian Federation in 2013 is 3,461 billion US dollars, per capita - $ 24,120. According to the total GDP on PPP, Russia ranks sixth in the world.

GDP is an indicator of state economy. If it grows steadily, it means that the economy develops: new enterprises appear, and the number of products produced already existing ones are increasing.


This means that the country's population every year more and more opportunities for earnings and to meet their needs.

If GDP decreases, it is a sign of the decline in production, reducing jobs and revenues of citizens.