What does disability give to a child? Decorating a group in a kindergarten with your own hands. Cost of the procedure, benefits

The birth of a disabled child in a family is always a challenge for his parents. A disabled person is a citizen who has permanent physical or mental disorders of body functions. Health problems can be the result of various diseases, injuries, and defects. All this together leads to the complete or partial deprivation of a child with a disability of the opportunity to realize key elements of life. Registration of disability for a child is a fundamental procedure for receiving benefits and cash benefits from the state in the future.

What diseases give children disability?

A child's disability can manifest itself in varying degrees. Many parents of such a child wonder what diseases can cause disability. Today in the territory Russian Federation valid Federal Law No. 181 “On social protection disabled people in the Russian Federation" , which regulates the state social protection of incapacitated citizens and ensures their successful integration into daily life. However, this federal law cannot provide clear explanations about the list of diseases for which parents should hope to obtain disability for their child.

This category is not assigned once and for life; this status should be constantly confirmed and evidence collected in its favor. In the Russian Federation, a child can be granted incapacity for one year, two years, 16 years, or until he reaches adulthood. This means that when the period comes to an end, the disability must be renewed again.

The list of diseases that qualify for disability in children includes the following health disorders:

mental disorder;
disruption of the sensory organs;
external physical pathologies;
pathological disorder of language and speech functions;
motor disorder of the arms and legs;
dysfunction internal organs and various body systems;
skin diseases and others.

A child receives the first group if:

complete or partial blindness;
more than 80% of hearing is damaged;
the baby has diseases that negatively affect the functioning of the central nervous system;
absence of upper and lower limbs, etc.

The first group is characterized by serious disturbances in the functioning of the body and requires the help of strangers.

The second group is characterized by performing minor self-care activities without the participation of other people and is assigned when:

liver disease (cirrhosis);
vision problems;
paralysis of the upper and lower limbs;
fistula, etc.

The third disability group is given to a child if there is:

minor disturbances in speech function;
minor mental disorders;
presence of pulmonary tuberculosis, etc.

III gr. is a worker, the violations are not so significant, although they require additional state social protection.

How to apply?

To register a disability group for a child, parents will need to be patient. The procedure is carried out in stages and usually takes at least three months.

Parents who notice defects in the functioning of the baby’s body should follow the following algorithm of actions:

Contact your family doctor at your local clinic

The minor citizen is examined and the voiced complaints are recorded in the patient’s outpatient record. The family doctor issues a referral for tests (OAC and OAM) and subsequent examination by specialized doctors. After preparing all the necessary documents and receiving references for the IPR, the attending physician issues a referral for medical examination using a special form No. 080/u-06. This document is stamped by the medical institution and its contents are confirmed by the signatures of three doctors.

Contacting the ITU Bureau

Pre-registration is made by phone or by visiting the office in person to set a date. If the child cannot come to the examination on his own, then the examination takes place at home. The Disability Commission is required to provide the entire package collected documents. In the accounting department of the bureau, payment for services is not made - for disabled people, all activities carried out are provided free of charge.

Carrying out medical examination

After making a preliminary appointment, a specific date will be assigned to visit the office. The approximate waiting period is a month. The examination is carried out by a commission consisting of three specialists. The child is examined, parents and the patient themselves may be asked questions regarding the child’s integration into social life. Members of the specialist committee keep a protocol where observations and responses of the baby and parents are recorded. The resolution is made by voting. If the vote was in favor of the child, then the issuance of a certificate of assignment of a disability category and IPR follows.

Visit to the Pension Fund and Social Security Administration

At the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, parents register for their child to receive a pension, and at Social Security they register for the purchase of rehabilitation funds free of charge.

Parents will repeat the above algorithm of actions if necessary to extend the child’s disability.

For autism

Autism is a brain disorder, and if a child suffers from this disease, then the law allows parents to register a disability for the child. This category can only be acquired after examination by a psychiatrist.

General procedure for parents:

examination by a psychiatrist. The doctor will create a special card and register the baby with a mental health clinic. Many specialists insist on hospitalization, but go to the children's psychiatric ward NOT REQUIRED;
obtaining a VTEC bypass sheet. The child should definitely visit the following specialists - a neurologist, a surgeon, an otolaryngologist, a speech therapist, an ophthalmologist. Get tested for UAC and OAM;
obtaining a decision from the PMPC. After completing all the specialists, you should return to the psychiatrist. The doctor will fill out a disability card and give a referral to a district psychiatrist, who, in turn, will also issue a conclusion;
register your child for ITU;
passing the commission;
receiving a pink piece of paper confirming the child’s disability.

Something to remember!A set of documents is submitted to the ITU Bureau at least six months after registration with the IPA.

When making an appointment at ITU, you must have with you an application for examination, a child’s outpatient card, parents’ identity card, a photocopy and original of the birth certificate, SNILS of all family members. If a minor attends a nursery preschool, a reference from educators will be required. Registration of disability for an autistic child takes about 6 months.

If your child has poor vision

Problems with the sensory organs, namely vision, also give parents the opportunity to register their child with a disability. Permanent incapacity, without a re-examination period, issued for complete blindness with unsuccessful treatment. Also, when visual acuity is reduced to 0.03 and the field of vision is limited to 10 degrees.

First group Visual disability in children is characterized by:

zero percent vision (total blindness);
sharpness with correction is up to a maximum of 0.04;
field of view - up to a maximum of 10 degrees.

Group II notes changes in vision such as:

sharpness - from 0.05 to 0.1;
field - from 10 to 20 degrees.

III group A child receives disability if:

sharpness - from 0.1 to 0.3;
field - from 20 to 40 degrees.

The examination is first carried out by an ophthalmologist in the clinic. He issues a referral to undergo the ITU, where after examination and voting a pink piece of paper will be issued.

For asthma

Child suffering bronchial asthma may become disabled. The baby is monitored by a pulmonologist. If the frequency of attacks is not high and they are relieved by using an inhaler, then the ITU bureau may refuse to register a disability.

A child with bronchial asthma can be issued a first degree disability if:

the disease cannot be controlled with drugs;
interrupted breathing is observed even at rest;
complications in the functioning of the heart and internal organs are evident;
inability to cope without outside help.

Stages II and III are characterized by less severe symptoms.

To register a disability, an asthmatic child must undergo a medical examination at a clinic. In addition, tests should be taken - for the presence of blood sugar, TAM, culture and general analysis sputum, spirography, ECG of the heart and X-ray of the lungs.

The documents that should be provided when registering with the ITU office are as follows:

parents' passports;
child's birth certificate;
application for disability;
outpatient card.

Diagnosis of a mild or moderate illness in a child will not serve as a reason for the examination commission to assign a disability. Most often the treatment carried out in childhood gives positive results and the baby is cured. If the attacks are severe and you often have to seek intervention from an ambulance, then this must be reflected in your application. As evidence, you can bring certificates taken from medical workers about the calls made. If you have been diagnosed with asthma due to allergies, you should undergo examination by an allergist to cancel it. Otherwise, the child’s parents will be denied benefits and disability benefits.

Required documents

To pre-register with the ITU office, the child’s parents should prepare the following set of documents:

a completed referral from the attending physician to determine disability in form No. 080/u-06;
medical card from the clinic;
characteristics from a preschool educational institution or school;
child's birth certificate or passport if the minor is 14 years old;
parent's passport;
An application filled out by the parent with a request to assign a disability to the child.

After submitting all documents, a date for the examination is set. It is advisable not to be late on the appointed day, as they may not be accepted. The parent must have a change for the child and himself and a clean diaper if necessary.

You can download the application form for conducting ITU follow the link .

Can they refuse?

A child’s disability application may be refused if the commission considers the arguments presented to be unsubstantiated. To appeal the commission's decision, you should file a complaint with the bureau that carried out the examination. This must be done within a month after receiving the resolution.

The application contains the following information:

name of the bureau where the document is submitted;
parent's passport details;
a description of the problem indicating the name of the bureau where the child’s disability was determined;
expression of a repeated request for examination.

The application is submitted within 3 days to the Main Bureau. In turn, the Main Bureau accepts or rejects the application within 30 days. The applicant may also use the services of independent experts.

Duration of disability

Group I disability can be given to a child for 2 years, other groups are given for 1 year. It follows from this that every time the period of the issued disability comes to an end, this status will need to be re-registered and confirmed at the ITU office.

Disability can be granted for a year, two, 16 years or until adulthood, depending on the dynamics of the disease and the effectiveness of the treatment used. The legislation contains a special list of diseases for which a child will be given permanent disability. The list contains 23 diseases, including- malignant and benign tumors without the ability to operate on them, complete blindness or deafness, dementia, mental illness characterized by progression, absence or defects of limbs (upper and lower).

What benefits are provided?

A child who has received a disability is entitled to some benefits and cash payments from the state. First of all, this concerns the provision of free medical care, medicines, and technical means for the integration of a disabled child into social life, the baby is also at the beginning of the queue to receive a voucher for sanatorium treatment. Transport travel is free of charge, pre-school and school education is also free.

Cash payments imply receipt minor child disability pensions. Its amount is - 11,903.53 rubles. EDV is also paid every month - 1,478.09 rubles and 2,527.06, if the NSO was rejected.

If a parent caring for a disabled child is unemployed, he is entitled to 5,500 rubles every month. If the parent is in a working position, then he is entitled to a tax deduction for personal income tax. Its size is 12,000 rubles.

Registration of disability for a child will give parents the opportunity to receive social assistance from the state, which will help improve the child’s living conditions.

In terms of its significance, the most important room in a preschool educational institution is the group room. This is where the children spend most of their time in the kindergarten.

In the group, children play, gain the necessary knowledge, eat and even sleep. This happens when the design features of the room do not provide for the presence separate room for children's sleep and relaxation.

As a rule, in middle and senior groups preschool age, the group room combines several functions, among which are the following:

games room;
a place for conducting developmental and training sessions;
dining room;
bedroom.

Therefore, a group room must be carefully thought out and designed taking into account the delineation of these important functional areas. By the way, sanitary standards for the activities of a preschool educational institution also require the presence of clearly demarcated and separated zones, and such requirements are completely justified.

Furniture in a group.

First of all, it is necessary to pay special attention for placing furniture in a group room. IN standard version Each kindergarten group must have the following pieces of furniture:

Tables and chairs for children- selected taking into account the growth of each child. There are clearly defined sanitary standards in this regard, which indicate how high a table and chair should be for a child of a certain height.

There is a specific color coding for the height of tables and chairs. In addition, each high chair should have a picture by which the child can remember his high chair and distinguish it from others. Ideally, the markings should be the same: on the chair, on the reception cabinet, on the towel rack and on the headboard. This will make it easier for the child to navigate, and he will be able to quickly find the items he needs.

Toy cabinets- must also be of a certain height for preschoolers of each age group. In this case, cabinets must have additional fastening on the walls. This is done to comply with safety precautions so that the cabinet does not tip over if a child carelessly leans on or climbs on it.

It is also necessary to choose cabinets for storing toys, taking into account that the material from which they are made can be easily processed detergents and clean from dirt. In kindergartens, sanitary and hygienic treatment of furniture is carried out regularly, so cabinets must be made of moisture-resistant materials or covered with a protective layer of paint.

Manual cabinets— designed for storing educational and developmental aids, as well as special pedagogical literature. They can be of any height, because only the teacher has access to them.

But according to sanitary standards A prerequisite is additional fastening of the cabinet to the wall surface. It is also desirable that the color of the cabinets match the overall color scheme of the group room in the kindergarten.

Table and chair for teacher- also very necessary pieces of furniture in a group room. Ideally, their design should match the overall style of the group.

Sometimes, to save space in a group room, the teacher’s desk and chair are placed in the reception room, which is also a reception room. This is also very convenient, because the teacher has the opportunity to mark the children’s attendance on the attendance sheet, and at the same time talk with parents on many organizational issues.

Beds for children- placed in a group room only if there is no separate room for the bedroom. Beds in kindergarten can be regular or bunk, which are also often used to save space.

It must be remembered that for toddlers and toddlers junior group Only single-tier low beds are suitable, but for children of middle and older preschool age you can use bunk beds, which, if necessary, can be covered on the sides with a protective net to prevent the child from falling during sleep.

Beds in kindergarten can be made from materials based on, as well as metal. But this is, rather, a trend of past years, because metal beds in kindergartens remain from Soviet times.

Carpet on the floor a group room is also a necessary attribute to ensure that children do not sit on a cold, uncovered floor surface. However, there is no need to use a carpet if the technology ““ is used in finishing the floor covering.

Instead of carpets, you can use bright and colorful mats of modern design. They have a lot of advantages - the surface of the mats is easier to handle in case of contamination. In addition, the mat is much softer than, and this will help prevent injuries and bruises when the child falls.

Group artwork.

For artistic decoration of the walls of a group room in a kindergarten, they often use various types available materials are colored cardboard, ORACAL self-adhesive film, as well as many types of finishing materials that can be used in a completely unusual and unusual form.

For example, as a starting material for making figurines of fairy-tale animals or cartoon characters, you can use ordinary ceiling tiles made of polystyrene foam, which are sold in every hardware store. Ceiling tiles are inexpensive, and it is easy to cut figures of any shape from them using ordinary scissors or a sharp knife. In addition, the image turns out to be a little voluminous, which makes it more attractive in decorative terms.

Also, to create various compositions, ceiling plinths, also made of expanded polystyrene or polystyrene, are used. They are inexpensive, lightweight and very convenient for making various decorative parts.

Decorating corners in a group.

In kindergarten groups for preschoolers different ages it is necessary to organize the registration of many thematic corners.

"Our mood"
"Privacy Corner"
"Information for Parents"
"Patriotic education"
"Corner of independent creativity"
"Music Corner"
"Traffic Laws"
"Nature and the world around us"

"Corner of Physical Education and Sports"
"Sensory Corner"
"Book Corner"
"Local History Corner"
"Health Corner"
"Protecting life safety"
"Fine Arts Corner"
"Duty Corner"

The design of thematic corners in the group room of the kindergarten is carried out by the teacher, as well as the most active representatives of the parent committee. At the same time, it is important to show imagination and creativity in order to use corners to make the interior of the group unusual, but at the same time interesting and attractive for children.

Plot-based role-playing games.

The most important role in raising children is played by role-playing games. With their help, the child learns about the world and acquires basic knowledge about everyday and professional activities of people. For preschoolers of various age groups, there are the following types of role-playing games:

" Salon"
"Builders" ("Building a house")
"Family" ("Daughters - Mothers")
"Drivers"
“Birthday” (“We welcome guests”)
"Doctor Aibolit"
"Dining room" ("In the cafe")
"Zoo"
" Kindergarten"
"Cosmonauts"
"In the library"
" Journey"
"Traffic rules"
" School"

Props for most role-playing games can be bought at a toy store, but for some games they simply are not available, and therefore many teachers prefer to make them themselves, using a variety of available materials and techniques. One can only envy the imagination of educators who are able to create the most incredible things from such simple and most ordinary elements! Just look at colorful cakes made from a dishwashing sponge, polystyrene candies in colorful wrappers, or a loaf of sausage made from foam rubber!

Thus, props for role-playing games, in some way, can also become part of the interior design of a group room, because some games contain too much large number elements and require a separate corner in the room.

The procedure for registering a disability for a child is almost no different from the procedure for registering a disability for an adult. The process lasts 3 months and has clear stages: collection of certificates, examination by specialists, examination by the MSE (medical and social examination). After which a certificate is issued with the assignment of the group and indicating the validity period. This article describes in detail how to register a disability for a child.

Reasons for the procedure

Registration of disability for a child requires sufficient grounds for this procedure. If they are present, the small patient is sent to the ITU, where the following is taken into account:

the presence of health problems with constant disruption of its functioning as a result of injuries, diseases;
the presence of a partial or complete loss of self-service, loss of self-control, which leads to the inability to complete a full training program and work activity;
the need for social protection and rehabilitation measures.

Registration procedure

Parents registering a disability for their child often wonder where to start the procedure. Group registration procedure:

Take a referral to the clinic at your place of residence.
Pass a medical examination and take a doctor's report.
Provide the results obtained to the observing pediatrician for drawing up a decision report.
Get a referral to ITU.
Come to the commission at the appointed time.

If citizens are refused, they have the right to re-submit their application to higher authorities.

Specialist consultations

The child's disability is registered after consultation with specialists. If the disease is classified as general, then the referral is given by the local pediatrician. In case of impaired hearing - by an ENT specialist, vision - by an ophthalmologist, cardiac pathologies - by a cardiologist. Genetic diseases require consultation with a psychiatrist. Because they are accompanied by backwardness mental development. This applies to an autistic child or a diagnosis of Down syndrome. Genetic pathologies often occur simultaneously with psychospeech delay.

To pass the necessary medical examination, you need to consult the following specialists:

surgeon;
ophthalmologist;
Laura;
orthopedist;
neurologist;
endocrinologist.

If a child is assigned a speech disability, then consultation with a psychologist or speech therapist will be required. After receiving the conclusion of narrow specialists, you need to come to the local pediatrician to draw up a conclusion and epicrisis. Next, he takes the documentation to the manager medical institution for signature. At the same time, a certificate is provided indicating the individual rehabilitation program.

Features of the procedure for different diseases

It is necessary to start registering for disability by visiting a specialist. If there are problems with the musculoskeletal system, a referral is issued by the attending surgeon. Usually a group is assigned for a year. Next, it is confirmed. Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome requires consultation with an endocrinologist. Disability is given if the child has mental retardation or pathology of the endocrine organs. Otherwise, the group refuses. Disability is granted for a year.

Vision problems require the intervention of an ophthalmologist. Typically, these diseases lead to lifelong disability. In case of autism, a psychologist refers the group. The assignment of disability in this case is aimed at reducing the cost of treatment and the opportunity to undergo rehabilitation in Moscow. Typically, registration is carried out for 1 year, then, if necessary, an extension occurs.

In the case of chronic asthma, disability is given if the child has constant attacks. Registration of a group is usually not easy; if the ITU response is positive, annual confirmation is required. Mental retardation (MDD) requires consultation with a psychotherapist, who will refer you to a commission.

Cerebral palsy refers to neurology. The attending neurologist will refer you for an examination. The group is assigned for 1 year. Next, re-examination occurs. Disability is given for 1 year after heart surgery. Then it is usually removed. Please note that usually at least a month passes after the documents are submitted until the examination is carried out.

Required documents

A pediatrician will give a detailed answer to what documents are required to be submitted to the ITU. Typically, the commission is provided with the following list of documents:

application for assignment of disability to a child;
hospital card;
conclusion of the chief physician of the clinic at the place of residence;
a copy of the small patient’s birth certificate or passport;
certificate from place of residence;
if re-registration is carried out, then it is necessary to provide a certificate from the previous commission;
characteristics from school;
passport and its copy of the parent or guardian.

In addition, children need to undergo a simple examination. Take a general blood test, blood biochemistry test, urine test, and do a cardiogram. If necessary, undergo an EEG, ultrasound, x-ray. If children are in school or attending other educational institution, then it is necessary for the treating pediatrician to provide a description. If the child is studying in a correctional institution, a reference will not be given; this requires a request from a doctor. Because this is a psychiatric mystery.

The characteristics must be certified with two seals. If the child is small and does not attend kindergarten or school, then this document is not needed. Please note that before contacting MSEC, you must check the list of documents, otherwise the request will not be considered.

Documents for the pension fund

To calculate a pension for disabled children, you must provide the following package of documents to the Russian Pension Fund:

application requesting pension accrual;
insurance certificate of one of the parents or guardians;
birth certificate or passport of the child;
a document confirming the fact of assignment of disability indicating the group;
child's insurance certificate.

In addition to calculating the pension, monthly payments are made, which vary slightly depending on the area of residence. Usually for Moscow citizens they are higher.

How is ITU carried out?

After collecting a package of documents, parents and children must come to the commission at the appointed time. If children do not have the ability to move independently, then an on-site medical examination is possible, which can take place in a hospital or at home. To this procedure took place, you should obtain the appropriate certificate from the institution where the child is being treated. During the ITU procedure, a conclusion is given on the recognition or non-recognition of the fact of disability.

A certificate indicating the disability group in Pension fund, a certificate from the social protection department, a certificate confirming the presence of a disability group, an extract from the medical certificate. Please note that during the medical examination, at least 4 people with pediatric specialization must be present. Otherwise, the decision of the ITU may be considered unlawful.

During the commission, an individual treatment program and rehabilitation are developed. After being assigned disability status, the child’s parents go to the clinic with certificates and a conclusion, where the child will be registered. They will prescribe the necessary therapy, taking into account medications that are provided free of charge. A child is assigned a disability for a certain period of time. It depends on the disease and its severity.

At the end of the validity period, if necessary, the procedure is repeated. The length of the period depends on the group. The first group is given for 2 years, the second, third – for a year.

Registration of disability is a long and difficult process. To successfully complete the procedure, it is necessary to collect all documents, certificates, and opinions of all doctors. If at least one signature is missing, the procedure will stop until the necessary documentation is collected.

Kindergarten is a place where a child first meets and communicates with a large number of different children, where there are rules and requirements that must be obeyed, where they find their first friends and, funny as it is, sometimes their first love. Yes, yes, many boys and girls remember for a long time their first feelings at 3-4 years old for “that same Sasha” or “the most beautiful Anechka.” Parents must understand that the environment in kindergarten means a lot to children. That is why many educators, and even parents themselves, decide to do the decoration of the kindergarten group with their own hands. Read our article about how you can colorfully decorate rooms in a kindergarten.

Decorating a group in a kindergarten with your own hands is, of course, the prerogative of parents rather than teachers. But both of them can give useful and interesting tasks to children, with the help of which they can then decorate the rooms and entrance area of the kindergarten.

Decorating a group in a kindergarten with your own hands: ideas for creativity

For you, parents!

This poster must contain file frames with useful information for parents. It is usually hung on the entrance group. One poster contains columns for filling in different groups, since usually there is not so much information for parents that can “be patient” and wait for the parents’ attention. Bring something important for the next week, information about upcoming vaccinations, etc...

Nature calendar

The nature calendar is a stand that will help children learn the characteristics of each season. It will be interesting to make images of clothes that are suitable for each weather under the pictures of summer, winter, spring and autumn.

Our crafts

A stand with children's crafts can become the main decoration of each group's room. Of course, children usually take their most favorite crafts with them, but a lot of creations remain in the group, which means they need to be put to use!

Menu for the week

A stand that will be interesting for children to make every week, and interesting for parents to look at every day! After all, nutrition is one of the most important aspects for a harmonious child development. This menu poster will definitely be popular!

Favorite holiday

A very interesting stand on which you can hang information about the next birthday person. So both teachers and children will not forget to congratulate him on this memorable day.

Our lockers

It will be useful to hang a stand near children's lockers with information on how to properly put away clothes, as well as in what order to put them on.

Teacher of MADOU No. 203 “Combined kindergarten”, Kemerovo.

This work is intended for teachers of preschool educational institutions, this is the design of a group and a reception area.

A kindergarten is a special institution; it is practically a second home for its employees and children. And you always want to make your home cozy and warm. The lack of financial resources to purchase various equipment and games contributes to the development of teachers’ creativity.

This is my second year working in my group. The group arrived unkempt. But I tried to do everything possible to make the children comfortable and interesting, so that they enjoyed every day they lived in our group.

Design “Our group”. The squirrel and the umbrella are made of ceiling slabs, painted with water-based paint with the addition of multi-colored colors.

Also in the reception area there was a stand for children and parents “Do not bring to kindergarten” (as practice shows, this is very useful information).

To congratulate the children on their birthday, I made a cake with candles from corrugated paper.

Algorithm for dressing (we hang clothes according to the seasons) and putting clothes in a locker.

This is the “Funny Pencils” design for the art corner.

I make a lot of benefits from waste material. Pencil in the corner of Fine Art (from toilet paper rolls).

These are attributes for the role-playing games “Shop”, “Daughters - Mothers: dumplings, dumplings, fried eggs, cakes, pastries, sausages, noodles, carrots.