Why is the development of the area of \u200b\u200blife becomes an important social task? Why life development is becoming an important social task of the house in which we live

What contributes to the globalization process in the modern world? 1) development of means of transport and communication 2) the increase in the number of middle class

3) the development of the service sector

4) deepening social differentiation

century. From this point of view, our century can be defined as an age of globalization. Therefore, the lessons of the 20th century are especially significant and are important for understanding its prospects.

Historians and politicians will still argue about the richest heritage of the outgoing century, but his ideological and political results are unlikely to be revised in the foreseeable future. In short, they are reduced to the following: human rights are fundamental, democracy is stronger than tyranny, the market is more effective than the command economy, openness is better than self-insulation. This system of values \u200b\u200band installations, the creator and active propagandist of which historically speaking the West, was widespread and recognized in modern world... For the first time in history, the absolute majority of people living on Earth are gradually producing a general understanding of the basic principles of life support.

As a hundred and two hundred years ago, the end of the century is marked by a new scientific and technical coup. Intellect, knowledge, technology becomes essential economic assets. In advanced countries, the organization of economic cooperation and development, more than half of the gross domestic product are created in intellectually producing production. The information revolution based on the connection of a computer with telecommunication networks, radically converts human being. It squeezes the time and space, opens the boundaries, allows you to install contacts at any point of the globe. She turns individuals in the citizens of the world ...

Among the impressive complex of problems requiring the association of the efforts of the Earth's residents, in the first place is undoubtedly the state of the environment. Today it is so disturbing that in question the survival of humanity as a highly developed, civilized community. The situation aggravates the large inertia processes in the biosphere. To stop and turn back destructive trends, a long-term mobilization of huge resources is required.

The unprecedented intensity of links between people, individual groups, nations, states, civilizations makes individuals by humanity, opens the universal space for the forces of good and evil. Globalization undermines the foundations of the "island consciousness". With all wishes in the modern world, it is impossible for a long time, and even more so forever, isolate from global problems. If the world becomes interdependent, then, it means, it is interchangeable.

(V. Kuvadin)

C 2.What are the ideological and political results of the 20th century by the author? Name any four. What kind of term social scientists call the implementation process new system values \u200b\u200bthat pretended to the XX century?

C4. With a support for the content of the text, explain the term "island consciousness used by the author. With a support for text, knowledge of the course and the facts of public life, give two manifestations of "island consciousness" in the modern world.

With 5. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "interpersonal relationship"? Attracting the knowledge of a social science course, make up two proposals containing information about interpersonal relationships.

With 6. Each person in his life faces economic phenomena that have a noticeable impact on him. Give three examples of the impact of economic phenomena on human life.

Detailed decision Paragraph § 16 in social science for grade 11 students, authors L.N. Bogolyubov, N.I. Gorodetskaya, L.F. Ivanova 2014.

Question 1. Why do people live families? Who is in the family head? What do we leave for children? Where are our home borders?

Family - Social Institute, the basic cell of society, characterized, in particular, in the following features:

Union of men and women;

Voluntary marriage;

Family members are associated with the generality of life;

Entry into marriage relationships;

The desire for the birth, socialization and education of children.

Family, as any normal organism needs a head and heart. Well, when he leads the family of a kind head of his father, and heats all the smart heart of the mother in it.

We are inherited to our children only two things -corn and wings.

Questions and tasks for the document

In infant years and the entire preschool period, a person is brought up almost exclusively by the family, family life. Here they receive their first food of his inclination, its sympathies, needs, interests, here is designated here ... But the life of the family, its morals, attractions, ideals, attachment, classes, entertainment, the whole warehouse of it, in turn, are Reflection of the life of the whole society.

The family is brought in the family and there are public "success and failures ... Here the father or mother breaks his heart, which is there, outside the house, had to restrain ... The family could not be protected from life, and the memories of people who survived in the young years enemy, hunger strike ... But, in addition to such major events, everyday life is inevitably reflected in the warehouse family life. The goodwill lives in public life, mutual trust, joint work - and families live together, cardiovascular, smoothing the roughness of relationships with mutual fasciance, loving children. There is a public life not humanly, but in the animal, according to the principle of the struggle for the existence, with the persecution of personal interests, all the circle seems to be hazardous rivals, which must be worn and do harmless - and in families they begin to gnawing up, instead of love hears the upset of their Right, instead of affection and help - quarrels and abuse. Public licensing is always closed in families, a decrease in interest is reflected in family life. If there are families to which public morals and life have, one can say, an overwhelming effect, that is, those who protect the "Holy of Saints" from all kinds of turbulent waves of the Sea of \u200b\u200bthe Sea. Love and consent live in these families ... They believe in good and the truth ... In these families, children are joy ... Whereas in others they are extra mouths, the burden, to make a lot, they are, they live, and children live in Pancoon and disregard.

Question 1. What is the main idea of \u200b\u200bthis text?

The life of the family, its morals, attractions, ideals, attachments, classes, entertainment, the whole warehouse of it, in turn, are a reflection of the life of the whole society.

Question 2. What is the social function of the family in the spotlight A. N. Ostrogorsk? How does his description of this function complement the text of the paragraph?

The social function of the family - the family prepares a person to join (entering) to society (society).

Question 4. What conclusions from the read text can be done to understand the relationship of family and society?

Conclusion - family is a small model of society.

Question 5. What do you think, why this text, written about a hundred years ago, did not lose its relevance?

Because the psychology of man and its essence, the rapidness - have not changed.

Questions for self-test

Question 1. What is the main purpose of the family as a social institution?

Family is one of the most ancient social institutions. It arose in conditions primitive society And at different stages of social development, various forms acquired. Thus, social norms, prescribing the rules of choice and the number of spouses, the role of the head of the family, the right and responsibilities of relatives, the role of the head of the family, the right and responsibilities of relatives were varied to society, from the epoch. Influenced by the economic and political development of society, cultural and national traditions changed the main characteristics of the family. But over time, the social need of a family does not change. At all stages of social development, it is due to the needs of society in physical and spiritual reproduction.

Another social institution is closely connected with the Institute of Family - Institute of Marriage. Marriage - recognized by the Society form of relations between a man and a woman with the purpose of creating a family. The Institute of Marriage regulates relations between spouses and defines their rights and obligations to all family members.

Each family is a kind of world based on continuity, traditions, emotions, feelings, certain values.

Family plays a huge role in public progress. Thanks to it, the immediate continuity of generations is carried out. From the girl, the family prepares a future wife and mother, from the boy - father and her husband.

Question 2. How does the society affect the family? Give specific examples.

The role of women in the family has changed along with a change in the position of a woman in society: the employment of women, education, interests increases. Installed equality and mutual responsibility of spouses in the family. For family support, additional leave is introduced in connection with the birth of a child, for the care of small children, monetary benefits are established, special benefits, etc.

Question 3. List the functions of the family. Explain what they are concluded.

Family always performs a whole range social functions, among which primarily allocate reproductive, and educational.

Several more details on the educational function of the family, since the social value of the family consists primarily in spiritual reproduction of life, that is, in raising children. The education of children in the family is a big daily work, and physical (for example, when they take care of kids), and mental (when, taking care of the spiritual development of the child, talking to him, encourage the manifestation and development of certain moral qualities). Thanks to the family, the child receives the first labor and moral skills: learns to assist in the house, to engage in self-service, behave according to certain rules, take care of parents and senior family members.

The educational influence of the family on the child growing in it is generally determined by family norms, values, interests. Are the memory, relics, traditions persist in the family? Do young people know the story of their kind, their roots? What roads are parents and children: parallel or intersecting? How many intersection points of these roads? What is the attitude of adults to people, to life? What is more often manifested: cynicism or humanity, optimism or pessimism, egoism or attention to others, hard work or the desire to conduct a celebrating lifestyle? What reigns in the family: a shock, picklight, material remuneration for each pitch of the child, excessive crossings or restriction of freedom, and maybe love, attention and care, parents authority, moral assessment of actions?

The life of each family gives answers to this kind of questions. And it determines the development of habits and moral qualities of the child, both positive and negative. They constitute a "social legacy" that parents transfer to children: the style of behavior and communication with people, moral norms and vital values. The health of the new generation, both spiritual and physical, the stronger, the more in the family of married and parental love.

Other functions of the family include economic (home management), economic (material support of the family), emotional (ensuring mutual psychological support and the security of each family member), social status status (inheritance of individuals of the individual, to the same class, race, ethnic group, religious group, To which the family owns), primary social control (determining the norms of the behavior of family members in various fields), spiritual communication and leisure (holding family holidays, campaigns, recreation evenings, organization family reading and etc.).

In different periods of the family's life, the priority place is occupied by one, then another function. So, for a young family, among the priority - reproductive function, for the elderly - the function of emotional support, spiritual communication.

Question 4. Why among the social functions of the family primarily allocate reproductive and educational?

The reproductive function is due to the need to continue the human race. In order to in 30 years, the population of the country has not decreased, children in each family should be at least two. According to statistics, including childless families and unseasonal people, to maintain the reproduction of the Russian population, it is necessary that 50% of families have three children. Unfortunately, at present, in a significant number of families there is only one child, and this means that today in Russia there is not even a simple reproduction of the population.

The education of children in the family is a big daily work, and physical (for example, when they take care of kids), and mental (when, taking care of the spiritual development of the child, talking to him, encourage the manifestation and development of certain moral qualities). Thanks to the family, the child receives the first labor and moral skills: learns to assist in the house, to engage in self-service, behave according to certain rules, take care of parents and senior family members.

The educational influence of the family on the child growing in it is generally determined by family norms, values, interests.

Question 5. What evolution changes occur with the family in modern society?

Other social institutions affect the world of the family, as well as public phenomena and processes: right, religion, morality, tradition, character social support families by society and the state. Family condition is due to public development. Therefore, it is not by chance that the family often represent as a cell of society.

In modern society, the family is experiencing qualitative changes. They are associated with global social processes of industrialization, urbanization, not peculiar to pre-industrial (traditional, agricultural) society. Traditions, norms of behavior, the nature of the relationship between spouses, parents and children are tested by the life of the obsolete and non-public development.

The change in the position of a woman in the family is associated with a change in its position in society. Professional and public employment of women increase. Their formation is growing, interests are expanding. In our country in all categories of more than half of the women. It should be noted that among specialists with the highest and secondary special education of women over 60%.

Traditional roles when a woman leads a household and raises children, and the husband is the owner, the owner and ensures economic independence, the family changes. There is a tendency to establish equality, mutual responsibility of spouses in the family. A partnership type family develops, in which the authority of women as a person, mother, wife increases. Such a family involves the joint homemade spouses, raising children, mutual support. The life of such a family is organized with the participation of all its members.

In connection with the processes of urbanization, relations between relatives are weakened.

There is a division of marriage and family institutions. Currently, the unity of the family is less dependent on the pressure of society (laws, morals, customs, public opinion, traditions, rituals) and more and more - from interpersonal relationship, mutual attachment, mutual understanding. The number of persons entering into a legitimate marriage decreases. The number of factual, but legally unrequited "free" family unions and children born in them is growing.

ATTENTION, which is paid to the material support of children in the family (food, clothing, etc.), often significantly exceeds what is aimed at spiritual development. Adults communicate little with children - they are no time and not always they have such a desire. Professional interests of men and women become a serious competitor to family interests.

Question 6. What is the patriarchal family different from the family of a partner type?

The economic and social independence of women is incompatible with the authoritarian relations of the family of an old type - the patriarchal family. Remember: in the patriarchal family, the power belongs to the chapter of the family - Father. All other family members are constantly fulfilling his will. The role of a woman comes down to the birth and raising children, work on home without monetary affairs.

Question 7. How, in your opinion, family and life are interrelated?

Family and life of inseparable components t. In each family there is a life. Life is what surrounds us .... There is a duty at home in every family. Many families disintegrated precisely because the role in the family of everyone was not stipulated in advance; They face many problems associated with life.

Question 8. Why is life development becomes an important social task? How is this task solved?

In the process of everyday life of people there are consumer relations. Domestic relationships are a steady system of everyday non-production links between people about the satisfaction of their priority needs (in food, clothing, housing, maintaining health, childcare, and communicate, rest, entertainment, physical and cultural development).

Based on its life experience, you can cite examples of household communication and joints of neighbors, young people or the elderly people living in the same yard, and, of course, family members.

One of the aspects of the scientific study of life is to study the cost of time to satisfy household needs.

Another aspect of learning life is the responsibilities of the spouses. These studies show that among young couples, the number of husbands are growing, which are preparing lunch, erase linen, walk with children, accompany children in kindergarten Or nursery, buy products, wash the dishes. This indicates about the concealing trend of more active participation of men in domestic affairs. At the same time, the duration of women's domestic work is incomparably higher than men. Every third of young husbands and every fifth among middle-aged spouses is not engaged in household chores.

In many families, there is a problem of the responsible participation of children in domestic affairs: cooking dinner, cleaning the apartment, etc. Studies prove: only when active participation Children in the organization of the life of the family are becoming the formation of their personality, the assimilation of the principles of respect, equality, mutual support. Mutual assistance in the process of everyday work gives family members a sense of community, feelings of the elbow, responsibility for each other and for the family as a whole.

Household relations depend on the ways of home management. In modern society, there is a tendency to reduce labor and time to meet household needs at the expense of modern household appliances. It is characteristic of both urban, and for a rural family, despite the significant differences in life of the village and citizens. Unlike the countryside in the cities, enterprises, institutions and organizations of domestic services, or, in other words, the sector of household services are more developed. It include household service plants with branches and reception points, repair shops, rolling points, sewing studies, dry cleaning, laundry, hairdresser, photographer.

The area of \u200b\u200blife is intertwined with the areas of trade, health, transport, leisure, social security, communal and other services. In modern conditions, homemade life and services are interconnected and complementary areas of the region. And if in a narrow sense, the term "life" is used as a synonym for home life, then life in a broad sense of the word is an extraproduction area of \u200b\u200beveryday life directly related to the satisfaction of material and spiritual needs, reproduction of a person, an ethnic group, the population of the country as a whole.

Once from home houses in the manufacturing sphere, bakery left. Partially shifts on the sphere of public household services. Cooking, washing clothes, cleaning, tailoring and some other household worries. The purchase of partially cooked food becomes more and more common - semi-finished products. Today, the main benefits used in everyday life is the result of social production.

The established life improves health and mood, relieves time for a joint holiday in nature, visiting theaters, cinema, exhibitions, promotional levels, spiritual and physical improvement of adults and young family members.

TASKS

Question 1. Is it possible to argue that the growth of material well-being of the family always leads to an increase in the lifetime of children grown in it? Agregate your answer.

The material benefit is certainly good, but this is not an indicator of human spirituality. Yes, perhaps the money will be positively affected by the family, but in my opinion, it is unlikely. Most likely, this or not affect morality, or will affect negatively.

Education does not depend on the material condition. Rather, the growth of families of families adversely affects moral education. If parents do not introduce moral restrictions. Having an unlimited financial feeding teenager can go beyond behavior.

Question 2. Death from heart disease comprehends the people of Misseums 3.5 times more often than living in the family circle. Road disasters with the first will happen 5 times more often. Even in a relatively young age (20-30 years), the mortality rate among bachelors is 25% higher than among married. What conclusions can be made from this statistic?

Previously, the family was the norm in society, and if you are not married and did not start the family - it was not welcomed, these were the traditions. After all, when growing in the family and problems easier to decide, there is someone to tell, give advice, help. And now more and more often live by a civil marriage and most even living in civil marriage They consider that they are free. All this indicates that when a person lives alone leads a slut-length life to slow down (when married it usually makes his wife and all the money he keeps into the house in the development of the family), and here it is not necessary to spend only only for yourself, and in the end A person drinks more than looking for a soul mate.

Question 3. Of every 10 children who are in orphanage today, only two do not have parents. What do these figures testify?

This speaks of a low level of parent's morality, they give birth to children, although they know that they will not be able to raise them.

The lack of moral obscures, responsibility, there was a lot of "cucks" -roditers, played and threw. Let others think, and they need problems.

Why the development of the area of \u200b\u200blife becomes an important social task

The sphere was different even as I wrote as a closely intertwined with the spheres of trade, health, transport, leisure, social security, utilities and other services. In modern conditions, homemade life and services are interconnected and complementary areas of the region. And if in a narrow sense, the term "life" is used as a synonym for domestic life, then life in a broad sense of the word is an extraproductive area of \u200b\u200beveryday life directly related to the satisfaction of material and spiritual needs, reproducing a person, ethnos, the country's population as a whole. Good luck

Help urgently! The granddaughter asked to help, and I do not understand! Read the text and execute the tasks 23. 1 -23. 6.
Marketing activities carry out each enterprise. The main task of marketing is to work with the market, the formation of demand for products offered by the enterprise, to ensure its sales. In the conditions of the market, the issue of sales for the enterprise becomes the most important. A little product, you need to be able to sell it, because the product produced is the cost of the manufacturer, and the goods implemented are already income. It is the marketing activity that allows you to turn customer needs for seller's income. Many enterprises have created special departments engaged in marketing activities. Specialists working in the field of marketing are called marketers.
In order to sell the goods, it is necessary to conduct a market research. It should give answers to the following questions: What should I sell? Who can be sold? Where and how to sell? How to manage the movement of goods? Actually, work should begin with the creation of an enterprise. Before organizing a company that will produce any product, it is worth evaluating, and whether this product will be in demand, does anyone have already produced this product? If so, are buyers ready to acquire this product in more, at what price can they do this? If the product is not offered to anyone in the market, then whether he needed to acquire it, or have to do serious work to convince buyers that this novelty is exactly what they lacked for so long. What price can be assigned to a new product?
But when the enterprise is already organized and operates, marketing research does not lose their relevance. Their task is to understand that the consumer wants, what are his tastes and preferences and how they can change over time, how to improve the goods to extend the life of his "life" on the market, how to force buyers to acquire it in a larger volume. In order to win over competitors, the goods should not only be profitably different for technical and economic indicators, but should be cheaper when purchasing and more reliable in operation. At the same time, marketing passes into practical activities related to the revolution of goods to the consumer. At this stage, marketing should provide a sales of perhaps more product, the required level of profit, the maximum satisfaction of the consumer in order to form his desire to acquire this product not only today, but also tomorrow.
(Based on encyclopedia for schoolchildren)
23. 1. Make a text plan. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments of the text and encroach each of them.
23. 2. What is the main task of marketer specialists? Why are their activities important for the company?
23. 3. What are the tasks of marketers at the stages of creating an enterprise, the production of goods, sales of goods? Specify the task of the marketer on each of the listed steps of the company.
23. 4. How can a marketer learn about tastes and consumer preferences? With support for social science and personal social experience, express three assumptions.
23. 5. Anna Petrovna acquired an inexpensive washing machine famous brand. The car was easy to operate and economical. Now Anna Petrovna advises to buy the same car with all his acquaintances.
What was the competitiveness of this washing machine? Give a text fragment that can help you answer the question.
23. 6. There is an opinion that a skillful marketer can provide a sale of any, even non-competitive product. Do you agree with this opinion? With a support for text and social scientific knowledge, bring two arguments (explanations) in defense of their position.

23. 1
Plan.
1. The implementation of marketing activities and its main tasks.
2. Market research. The main questions facing the marketer.
3. Criteria that allows the goods to win over competitors.
4. Stage of marketing transition to practical activity.
23. 2
Marketers are specialists working in the field of marketing. For the company, their activities are important because "it is marketing activities that allows you to turn customer needs for seller's income."
23. 3
In stages
Creation of an enterprise - market research, response to basic questions.
Production of goods - assessment of the goods itself in several criteria
Sales of goods - bringing goods to the consumer.
23. 4
With the help of sociological polls, these past years, demand for similar goods from competitors.
23. 5
"In order to win over competitors, the goods should not only be distinguished on technical and economic indicators, but should be cheaper when buying and more reliable in operation."

The spiritual sphere appears in front of us as the most sublime ... Spiritual needs are born here, starting with the most elementary and ending with sophisticated, their consumption is largely consuming here ... For the sake of satisfaction of spiritual needs and is being carried out, the United States, the general purpose of spiritual production - the reproduction of public Consciousness in its integrity. Among the functions of spiritual production, we highlight, first of all, spiritual activities aimed at improving all other spheres of society. However, the process of spiritual production cannot be considered completed as soon as the newer ideas, applied and fundamental are obtained. It is still the same as in the manufacturing material: the product of labor should reach the consumer, that is, to pass through the distribution and exchange stages, which in spiritual production take a specific appearance. In this regard, we can talk about the function of the production of knowledge. This function is carried out general education and higher school, cultural and educational institutions, media. There is another important feature of spiritual production - the production of public opinion. It is not difficult to guess that this function is inexpressible from the function of production and distribution of knowledge, as if woven into it, highlighting it as relatively independent, we emphasize that an important thing is that an ideological moment is expressed more relief. (S. E. Krapivsky) 4. Name the three elements of the spiritual sphere of public life allocated by the author. 5. Relying on the content of the text, name the target and any two functions of spiritual production. 6. Bring one example of spiritual activities aimed at improving the economic, social and political spheres of public life. 7. The author claims that in the production of public opinion "an ideological moment" relief is expressed. " Give three arguments to confirm this position.

4. Three elements of the spiritual sphere: spiritual needs, spiritual prohhlood, spiritual activity! 5. The purpose of spiritual production is the reproduction of public consciousness in its integrity. Functions of spiritual production: spiritual activity, product production! 6. We see that in the State Duma there is a Batuska and that all government guards believers. - political sphere. We also see the clergy to the government, even management through the government by some money! - Economic sphere. We see how smart and moved modern priests and that they are already using a computer and bear aiming in our masses! - Social sphere!

Part 1.
A1. In the family of M. Pentylenaya child. Grandma is preparing a child to school. What function of the family illustrates this example?

1) Educational 2) Reproductive 3) Economic 4) Leisure

A2. Social inequality manifests itself in:

1) differences between people by natural data 2) different marital status

3) the absence of private property 4) the level of received income

A3. Among the distinctive signs of the family as a social group belongs:

1) joint activities 2) general political views

3) common life 4) general goal

A4. Belonging to the family F. provides its members with the opportunity to get a job in a commercial bank. This example reflects the family function:

1) Economic 2) Social Control

3) emotional psychological 4) socio-status

A5. Find and specify the social group, "dropping" from a number, formed not by ethnosocial sign.

1) Latvians 2) Catholics 3) Estonians 4) Lithuanians

A6. Four social groups are listed below. Three of them have a common socially significant sign. Which group falls out of this series?

1) Children 2) Elderly People 3) Men 4) Youth

A7. In the list of social groups are superfluous:

1) class 2) Casta 3) classes 4) Party.

A7. What sign is the basis of the unification of people and their groups in such a social community as the townspeople?

1) political; 3) professional;

2) socio-class; 4) territorial.

A8. The achieved status of a person does not apply:

1) Gender 2) Education 3) Profession 4) Income.

A9. Founded on marriage or blood relationship Small social group, whose members are associated with the generality of life and mutual responsibility is:

1) Rod 2) class 3) Family 4) Elite

A10. And for a teenager, and for an adult is characterized by a social role:

1) military service life;

2) Deputy of the City Duma;

3) student average general education school.

4) Consumer of mobile services.

A11. Social division of society reflects

1) Type of State Device 2) Type of Social Stratification

3) the nature of economic relations 4) feature of the political system.

A12. Social role, characteristic and for a teenager, and for adult:

1) a graduate of a professional college; 3) football fan;

2) Candidate of deputies of the Legislative Assembly; 4) serviceman - contractor

A13. Which of the listed social groups is allocated for economic signs:

1) Muscovites 2) engineers 3) Muslims 4) landowners

A14. Are the following social status judgments true?

BUT. Social status is a position of a person in society, giving him rights and obligations.

B. All social statuses people acquire from birth.

A15. Are the following judgments about social conflicts true?

BUT. Missing the interests of social groups can lead to a social conflict.

B. An integrated conflict is a type of social conflict.

1) It is true only a 2) is true only b 3) both judgments 4) both judgments are incorrect

A16. Are the following family judgments are true?

BUT. Family regulates the behavior of family members.

B. The family carries out economic support for minor and disabled family members.

1) It is true only a 2) is true only b 3) both judgments 4) both judgments are incorrect

There are still tasks in investments

1. Seller in a commercial bank!

5. 4, 3, 1, 2, 5

1. Patriarchal, nuclear

2. Demographic revolution

3. Self-determination

4. Housewife, parenting, beloved

Check out my homework, just an assessment for half a year for this task is of great importance!
Task!

"In Russia, the transition from full and unconditional employment in public production, which corresponded to the universality and obligation of labor during socialism, to the system of economic activity that meets the criteria of the market economy was held. More than half of the economically active population do not work on state structures, but on themselves, work on Enterprises and in civil society organizations. At the same time, 15% are occupied in a small business. About 9% are classified according to the ILO technique as unemployed. ..

The proportions of the distribution employed have changed in favor of those industries whose business activity has increased due to market transformations: trade and public catering, logistics and trade mediation, lending, finance and insurance. .. In terms of the share of the unemployed in the total number of economically active population, our country has practically caught up with Great Britain, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden.

Visible metamorphoses of employment reflected changes in the nature and content of "directly social labor". Of the collective and forced operations for the production of planned products and services of a given number and assortment, labor becomes a way of the existence of economically independent producers. Private individual labor comes to replace the public and collective.

Revolution in the property and accompanying its institutional transformations in the economy led to the fact that millions of people previously engaged in systematically organized professional labor The state, experienced their strength and abilities in the accuracy of employed entrepreneurship and in the small business, where they are merged by labor, property and management (control). Almost 1/4 people employed in the private sector are not waged labor. In their activities, combined in a variety of proportions, professional and innovative labor and at the same time labor management work with performing labor "

1. What problems of the socio-labor area of \u200b\u200bthe life of the Russian society allocate and considers the author?

2. Name the changes that occurred in the content and nature of social labor, the position of the employee as a result of market transformations.

3. What does I. Zaslavsky mean, arguing: "In Russia, the transition from full and unconditional employment in public production. .. to the system of economic activity that meets the criteria of the market economy, took place. " Relying on the text, find explanations to this statement.

1. 1) Half of the economic active population is not working on the state.

2) Private individual labor comes to replace the public and collective.

2. A market economy came to replace the team.

3. I. Zaslavsky meant that there will be changes in the system of economic activity, that is, "from complete and unconditional employment in the publication" (command economy) "to the system of economic activity" (to market).

Did I answer the questions asked correctly?

In 1 - 2) rather not a problem, but addition to 2 questions

1) Answer from 1 - faithful + Another problem is unemployment,

right, but add 2) out of 1 question

the organization of labor has complicated, private entrepreneurship has expanded, business activity has increased in industries such as trade, supply, lending, insurance, the number of unemployed has increased

right

Need to make a thesis plan?
One aspect of the study of the Small Group is group integration(from Lat. Integer is a whole) - the state of the group characterized by signs of psychological unity, its integrity as social community.
The degree of group integration is associated with the level of development of the group as a commonality. A developed researchers consider a small group in which, firstly, a fairly differentiated system of all types of relations mentioned above, and secondly, these relations are moral, relevant social norms and meet the requirements of the Society for Personality and Social Association. .
According to the theory of the modern Russian psychologist A. V. Petrovsky, the group can be conditionally represented consisting of three layers. Each layer is associated with the special principle of building relationships between members of the Group and the corresponding level of development, which means that the degree of integration. In the first, surface layer there are direct contacts between people based on the emotional perception of each other, acceptability or unacceptability. This layer corresponds to the initial stage of development of the group. In the second layer, there is a relationship based on joint activities. In the third layer, relations are developing, based on the adoption by all members of the group of uniform groups. This layer corresponds to the highest level of group development. Based on the views of the three layers of the Group, ideas about group integration are built. So, on group integration indicates, on the one hand, the emotional identification of a person with a group and its members, i.e. consciousness and experience of belonging to the group (manifestation of the first layer), on the other - the optimal combination of individual actions in the context of concrete joint activities, consistency Functional role of the group members when solving common tasks (manifestation of the second layer). Finally, another indicator of group integration is the degree of coincidence of ideas, orientations, positions, the opinions of the group members with respect to objects most significant for group vital activity (manifestation of the third layer).

Group integration is manifested in a relatively continuous and sustainable existence of the group. Important, permanent group integration factors are cohesion processes, manualsand leadership.You will learn about them in the following paragraphs.
According to experimental data, to the number of processes that contribute to group integration include the emergence of the feeling "We" and its tangible strengthening, for example, in situations of intergroup competition. In addition, the group integration always affects conflict situation, reinforcing the importance of group norms and rules of conduct.
It should be remembered that group integration has a reverse side. The process is connected with it. deindividualize personality in the group,when the feeling "we" becomes stronger than the feeling of "I". This can lead to a weakening of individual responsibility for their behavior. For example, sometimes together people do what they would not do alone. (If anyone had to run from lessons, remember, it was alone or in the company of classmates. To what extent did you recognize the responsibility for your deed in the other case?) Definividualization of the individual manifests itself, in particular, in antisocial groups, which Will be discussed in a separate paragraph.
Integration in groups based on humanistic values \u200b\u200bis associated with the formation and development of good personal, emotionally favorable, trusted, friendly relations. Friendly relationshippeculiar to the deep emotional attachment of people to each other. Such relationships are ensured by the attention, benevolence, tact, respectful attitude towards each other, support in difficult situations, empathizing joys and grieving each other.
Friendly relations in the small group are one of the main features of interpersonal relationships in adolescent and older school age. The friendly and friendly groups enter almost all children, teenagers and boys. The older the schoolboy, the more stronger the need for such groups, since he gets the opportunity to feel equal, accepted, valuable.

1) Group integration.

2) In a developed small group there is a differentiated system of all types of relations that meet social standards.

3) Three components of the layer of the group according to the theory of A. V. Petrovsky.

4) The processes of cohesion, leadership and leadership are important factors of group integration.

5) Definividualization of the personality in the group is associated with group integration.

6) Integration is associated with friendly relations - emotional attachment to each other.

7) Friendly relationships are one of the main features of interpersonal relationships in adolescents.

Are the following judgments are true about the trends of the social sphere?
A. For post-industrial society is characterized by the growth of the middle class.

B. Social Differentiation of the Company When moving from the command economy to a market decreases.

1) just and 3) are true of both judgments

2) true only b 4) both judgments are incorrect

In this issue, it is true only a, which means the correct answer - 1).
When moving from the command economy to market social differentiation does not decrease. An example is a bright example - the collapse of the Soviet Union, after which Russia moved to the market economy. But it did not affect the decrease in social groups and classes.

Absolutism - (absolute monarchy) - the shape of the feudal state, the admission of the monarch is owned by unlimited supreme power. The state reaches the highest degree of centralization, the branched bureaucratic apparatus is created, the permanent army of the IPOLITION; The activities of the body of the Clarification, as a rule, stops. The flourishing of absolutism in the Rec. Europe falls on the 17-18th century. In Russia, absolutism existed in the 18th and early 20th centuries. In the form of autocracy. From a formal legal point of view, with the hands of the head of the state of the monk, the entire completeness of the legislative executive authorities focuses, he independently establishes taxes and manages public finances. Social support of absolutism is nobility. The subject of absolutism was the thesis of the divine origin of the Supreme Power. The exaltation of the person of the sovereign served a lush and palace etiquette. At the first stage, absolutism was progressive: fought with the separatism of feudal nobility, subordinate the church to the state, eliminated the remnants of feudal fragmentation, introduced uniform laws. The absolute monarchy is characterized by the policy of protectionism and mercantilism, which promoted the development of the national economy, trade and industrial bourgeoisie. New economic resources were used by absolutism to strengthen the military relics of the state and the conduct of conquering wars. With the development and strengthening of capitalism in European countries, the principles of the existence of an absolute monarchy, which preserved the archaic feudal orders and the estate partitions, began to come in contradiction with the needs of the changed society. The tough framework of protectionism and mercantilism limited the economic freedom of entrepreneurs forced to produce only goods that are profitable royal treasury. Cardinal changes occur inside the estates. Of the depths of the third estate, an economically powerful, educated, enterprising capitalist class having own view On the role and tasks of state power. In the Netherlands, England and France, these contradictions were solved by the revolutionary way, in other countries there was a gradual transformation of the absolute monarchy into limited, constitutional.
Questions to the text:

C1. Make up text plan. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments of the text and entitle each of them.

C2. What signs of absolutism are named in the test? Name at least three. How is their relationship?

C3. What is the progressive effect of absolutism at the initial stage of its formation? What is absolutism regressive? In both cases, name at least two signs.

C4. What class grows with an absolute monarchy from the "third class"? What two ways are the contradictions between it and absolutism?

C5. In Russia, the policy of mercantilism and protectionism dominated in the period of the reign of Peter I in the economy. Explain how these facts are connected. What role played this economic course at that time? Give a text fragment that will help answer this question.

C6. One of the ideologues of the Russian autocracy gave such an assessment to Parliament: "Parliamentary figures belong, mostly, to the most immoral representatives of the Company; with the extremely limited mind, with the limitless development of egoism and the elevations itself, at the lowestness and dishonority of motivation, a person with strong will can become a leader of the party And it becomes then the leadership, dominant chapter of a mug or a meeting, at least to him) to the meeting, over which he dominates) belonged to people far superior with his mental and moral qualities "Do you agree with this point of view? In confirmation of his opinion, bring at least 2 arguments.

The state reaches the highest degree of centralization; A branched bureaucratic apparatus is created; The activities of the data of the Clarification are terminated.

Absolutism struggled with the separatism of feudal nobility, subordinate the church to the state, eliminated the remnants of feudal fragmentation, introduced uniform laws. This is a progressive initial influence. And the regressive influence is the rigid framework of protectionism and mercantilism limited the economic freedom of entrepreneurs, forced to produce only goods that are profitable royal treasury.

With the absolute monarchy "from the 3rd class" will grow by the class of capitalists. Contradictions are collected between it and absolutism in two ways: a revolutionary way or a gradual transformation into a limited, constitutional monarchy occurred.

I need to regret it, at least something from this
1. A certain group of people who united to communicate, joint activities - is

2 . Similarity in the behavior of the animal and human activity

1) goal-setting 2) feasibility 3) creative activity 4) conversion of nature

3 . Are the allegations true?

A. Difficult ties arising between social groups in the process of economic, political, cultural activity are called public relations.

B. Man can independently determine or change the goal of activity.

4. Are the allegations true?

A. To material culture includes scientific theories, artworks, morality.

B. Public Sciences include archeology, political science, aesthetics, social psychology.

1) It is true only a 2) is true only b 3) both judgments 4) both judgments are incorrect

5. Sign of society as a system:

1) constant changes in public life 2) availability of spheres of society 3) degradation of the elements of society

6 . Conquered from nature, but closely with it the associated part of the world, which includes ways of interaction between people and the forms of their association - is

1) Active Community 2) Scientific Association 3) Society 4) Stage of Historical Development

7. The difference in the behavior of the animal and human activity

1) goal setting 2) feasibility 3) care for offspring 4) self-preservation

8 . Are the allegations true?

A. In the broad sense, "Culture" is an all created by man.

B. and the behavior of the animal, and human activity are appropriate.

1) It is true only a 2) is true only b 3) both judgments 4) both judgments are incorrect

9 . Are the allegations true?

A. To spiritual culture includes household items, railways, equipment of enterprises.

B. Social Sciences include cultural studies, lawwork, economics, history.

1) It is true only a 2) is true only b 3) both judgments 4) both judgments are incorrect

10 . Sign of society as a dynamic system:

1) the presence of the spheres of society 2) constant changes in public life

3) man - universal element of society 4) availability different groups

11 . A holistic understanding of nature, society, a person who has expressed in the system of values \u200b\u200band ideals of the personality, social group, society is

1) Nicocentrism 2) Nauchnocentrism 3) Worldview 4) Sociocentrism

12 . The process of mastering knowledge and skills, methods of behavior called:

1) Education 2) Adaptation 3) Socialization 4) Modernization

13 . Inherent only to a person, the form of interaction with the outside world is

1) need 2) activity 3) goal 4) program

14 . The definition of a person himself as a person who can make independent decisions to join certain relations with other people and nature:

1) Socialization 2) Education 3) self-realization 4) self-awareness

15. Inherent only to a person, the form of interaction with the outside world is

1) Need 2) Activities 3) Purpose 4) Program.

16. Term "Society" not Includes concept:

1) the union form of people

2) parts of the material world

3) natural habitat

4) ways to interact people

17 . The transition from the seed-fire to fat agriculture is an example of interconnection:

1) society and nature

2) societies and cultures

3) Economics and Religion

4) civilization and formation

18. All examples, with the exception of two, belong to the concept of "social needs." Indicate unnecessary examples.

Creation of cultural values, labor activity, communication, social activity,

participation in the game, sleep.

19. Complete the proposals:

1) Accordingly, the need for the reproduction of the kind was formed by social

institute - ...

2) A person is a product of biological, cultural and social ....

3) what is most expensive, holy both for one person and for all mankind

4) according to social needs for social needs ....

5) the origin of a person is called ....

6) Perfection, the highest goal of the human aspiration is ...

20. Spiritual and bodily in man:

1) precede each other

2) are connected with each other

3) oppose each other

4) independent of each other

21. The distinctive feature of a person is

1) satisfaction needs

2) Environmental adaptation

3) understanding of the world and himself

4) use of labor guns

22 . Gennady has knowledge and abilities to defend personal rights, respects the rights of others, strictly fulfills their duties, complies with the laws of the country. What qualities is Gennady?

1) Cituit

2) conscience

3) patriotism

4) responsibility

1) -Autive society
2) Construction of Nature

3) a and b-right

4) true only b
5) constant changes in public life

6) stage of development of society

7) Justice

8) is true only

9) true only b

10) the presence of spheres

11) worldview

12) Adaptation

13) Need

14) Socialization

13.-2 14.-4 21.-4

State support for the family is carried out in Russia: additional leaves have been established (in connection with the birth of a child, care for small or patients with children and others, monetary benefits are established (for example, on YX for a child, for pregnancy and childbirth), special benefits have been introduced ( For example, the translation of pregnant women, as well as women who have children under the age of three, in confusion with medical requirements for easier work without reducing wages), etc.

Household relations

On the basis of life experience, you can give examples of domestic communication and joints of neighbors, young people or the elderly people living in the same yard, and, of course, family members.

One of the aspects of the scientific study of life is to study the cost of time to satisfy household needs.

Average on homemade cooking Food one person takes about 300 hours per year. In women, this occupation takes 40% of the time coming to keep household economy. Great time spent on laundry laundry and ironing (on average 58 hours per year), on the purchase of goods for the family (about 500 hours per year).

Another aspect of learning life is the responsibilities of the spouses. Among the young couple of 17% of her husbands are preparing lunch (20 years ago, no one did any of them), 55% erase underwear, 35% walk with children, 16% accompany the detection in kindergarten or nursery, 80% are purchased products, 58% washed Dishes, 9% attend school and check the lessons from the DEY. This suggests the outlined trend more active Men's participation in domestic affairs. At the same time, the duration of women's domestic work on average is not higher than men. 36 hours a week are devoted to their homemade work of women and under 13 h - men. Each third of young husbands and every fifth cpedi of middle-aged spouses is not doing homemade. These numbers are forced to think. After all, the fair distribution of homework between spouses, mutual assistance in everyday life is one of the most important moral bases existence of a modern family.

In many families, there is a problem with the problem of the participation of children in domestic affairs: cooking dinner, cleaning an apartment, etc. Studies prove: only with the active participation of children in the organization of the family of the family, there is a formation of their personality, the assimilation of the principles of respect, equality, mutual support. Mutual assistance in the process of household work gives family members a sense of community, the "feeling of the elbow", responsibility for each other and for the family as a whole.

Household relations depend on the ways of maintaining the economy. In modern society, there has been a tendency to reduce labor and time to meet household needs due to the use of co-owned household appliances. It is characteristic of both urban, and for a rural family, despite the significant differences in life of the village and citizens. Unlike the countryside in the cities, enterprises, institutions and organizations of domestic services, or, in other words, the sector of household services are more developed. It can be attributed to the Combines of household services with branches and adoptive points, various household pavilions, repair master, rolling points, sewing studi, dry cleaning, laundry, hairdresser, photographer.

The area of \u200b\u200blife is intertwined with the areas and trade, health, transport, leisure, social security, communal and other services. In concert conditions, home the life and services of the services are interrelated and complementary areas of the region. And if in a narrow sense, the term "life" is used as a synonym for home life, then life in a broad sense of the word is an extraproduction area of \u200b\u200beveryday life directly related to the satisfaction of material and spiritual needs, reproduction of a person, an ethnic group, the population of the country as a whole.

The established life improves health and mood, it employs time for a seal of relaxation in nature, visiting theaters, cinema, exhibitions, an increase in professional level, spiritual and physical improvement of adults and young family members.

The life of the person's life is complicated by technical progress that increased the rhythm of life, intensifying the non-voltage, mental load. Most of the time a person spends in a closed room, and this adversely affects physical and mental health. The more perfect organization of satisfying the household needs of a person is needed. The development of the sphere of life becomes an important social task.

House in which we live

The house in the life of each family means something more than just a roof over your head. The house is the relationship between people living in it. These are traditions, habits. These are events, incidents, meetings, parting. The house is a special sphere of culture.

Reading the literature on the habitat of a person, about the nearest social environment, you can meet the concept of a popos culture. The word "topos" began to designate the place of residence. Consequently, the culture of the topos means the culture of our place of residence.

Talk about the place of residence Let's start with several household sketches:

1. A man, returning from work home, in front of the door joins a cigarette and throws the cigarette cigarette. It gives ego foot, opens the door with the key and enters the apartment.

2. One of the neighbors eats vigorously sand from the rug from his doors to the middle of the staircase.

3. Fashion dressed girl Frozenly turns over the garbage bucket and wakes up part of the garbage past the garbage collector.

4. Several teenagers warm in winter in one of the entrances. Drink beer, noisy, leave behind empty bottles.

What unites all these sketches? You probably have already guessed: all events occur next to those apartments in which people current situations live in these situations. And the behavior of both adults and young people does not express care of their place of residence.

In the same series, you can put the scenes from the life of a COCE-alcoholic, testimony of vandalism in relation to kindergartens and benches in the courtyard, screaming marbles, the owners of which are less than those who are smaller thinking about COCES, inscriptions and drawings in the elevator, on the walls of the entrance, reflecting the moral appearance of tenants at home.

We all had to observe something from this series. And probably many of us if they did not behave in a similar way, then there were those who "decorate" our life. Tell me why it happens.

Life is the sphere, the most hidden from social control. More often, we are responsible for our actions only before our conscience. This circumstance can give rise to the division of morality: a person behaves in different ways in a manufacturing or training team and at home, in the store, on vacation. And no one will force themselves, evaluate their behavior, besides himself. (3And: How do you behave in everyday life? Make conclusions. Word the task yourself for self-improvement "

Not by chance, answering the question: "Where do you live?", We call the street, house and only then the apartment. So what is the place of our residence? And how do we take to this place? In what state is our street and courtyard, the entrance and elevator, the telephone machine on the corner of the house? Does the place where we live, be more comfortable, clean, beautiful, green? Think: what does this improvement depends on our own efforts?

Modern architects, builders decide the task of creating a Novoo type of housing and a new building of residential areas. They seek to facilitate the maintenance of homemade and ensure the cultural and domestic service of people. Many labor-intensive economic functions are co-used in the service blocks and other premises located in close proximity to the residential building. The concept of "apartment" with its functional manifold seems to be expanding. Separate features of the apartment are started to perform equipped yard sites, jerks. But no one except ourselves, unable to provide a careful attitude towards the place where we live. Only we ourselves can give the beauty to our big house and teach this of our children.

Practical findings

In infant years and the entire preschool period, a person is brought up with almost exclusive family, family life. Here they receive their first foods of the tendency, here it is born in sympathy, needs, interests, here is the EGO character ... But the life of the family, its ns, attractions, ideals, attachments, classes, entertainment, the whole warehouse, in turn, are The reflection of the life of all society.

Public successes and failures are going to the family and here ... Here the father or mother breaks his heart, which there, outside the house, had to restrain ... Cemes could not be protected from life, and memories of people who survived in the young years , hunger strike, always contain a story about deep tracks, who have experienced impressions in them. But, in addition to large events, everyday life is inevitably reflected in the warehouse of family life. The goodwill lives in public life, mutual trust, joint work - and families live together, heartily, smoothing the roughness of relationships with mutual fasciance, loving children.

There is no public life in human, and Remissal, according to the principle of struggle for the existence, with the persecution of personal interests, all the contacts seem to be hazardous, who must be worn and do harmless - and in families they begin to gnaw, instead of love, hears the upset of their rights instead of love, Instead of caress and help - quarrels and abuse. Public licentiousness is always closed in families, a decrease in interest is reflected in the family. Instead of literary, aesthetic, public conversations, speeches about maps, households, servants, progress, costumes, etc.