Slide 2

The New Year tree is an essential attribute of celebrating the New Year of Russia.

In most countries of the world, the tree is an attribute of the celebration of Christmas. The Christmas tree is a coniferous tree decorated with garlands, glass and plastic toys, candles and sweets. Installed at the time of the holiday New Year in houses or on the street.

Slide 3

A bit of history

The first Christmas tree was installed in Riga. This is evidenced by documents found in the Riga archives and the world's oldest Christmas tree decoration. The date of birth of the Christmas tree can be considered 1510.

Slide 4

Christmas tree …

The New Year tree can also represent a festive event - a concert (most often for children) at which the New Year is celebrated. With the advent of the television era, the New Year tree began to refer to some of the festive television programs that were broadcast during the New Year celebrations.

Slide 5

A bit of history

For the first time, holidays for children with this name began to be held in the Kremlin on New Year 1935. Initially, these celebrations were held for a small circle of children. But over time, all over Russia on the eve of the New Year holiday and for some time after they began to hold many holiday concerts for children with the unchanging characters Santa Claus and the Snow Maiden.

Slide 6

The custom of decorating the tree

By the early 17th century, the custom of decorating a Christmas tree had become fashionable. In 1815, toys made of wood, tin and tin appeared on the forest beauty. Craftsmen gilded spruce cones, and empty eggshells were covered with a thin layer of chased brass. Fashion has changed. Multicolored lanterns and baskets began to be brought from the Asian hinterlands to Europe.

Slide 7

The custom of decorating the tree

But the fantasy of the German glassblowers was ahead of everyone: birds, Santa Clauses, jugs, cones, fragile amphoras and pipes ... Women painted items with gold and silver dust. Bright, all in toys, Christmas tree, so popular until 1900, at the turn of the century began to be considered a sign of bad taste, it was supplanted by a strict, stylish Christmas tree in silver-white tones.

Slide 8

An interesting fact is that Christmas tree decorations, history, politics and art are related. You can “read” the history of the country using toys. For the anniversary of Pushkin, sets of toys with images of heroes from the poet's works were released. During the Great Patriotic War the most popular toys there were parachutists.

Slide 9

During Stalin's time - Christmas tree hockey players and circus characters. During the Khrushchev era - vegetables and fruits. In the 60s - watches, astronauts, corn, Chipollino. In the 80s - athletes.

Slide 10

Timeless classics are in fashion today: spruce decoration Christmas balls two colors matching each other (blue and silver, red and gold, toys of the color of baked milk) and the same size. Various bows tied to spruce branches are in fashion. Some people like fashionable, purchased jewelry, and somewhere the tradition of making toys with their own hands has been preserved ...

Topic: History of the New Year holiday.

This event can be held as class hour and extracurricular activity with primary school students.
Goals: To acquaint children with the history of the New Year holiday.
Develop students' curiosity.
Equipment: Power Point presentation, New Year songs.
Course of the lesson:

1. Organizational moment.

2. Actualization of knowledge. Statement of the topic.

- What holiday is the whole country preparing for? (New Year)
- What is the date according to which the beginning of the new year is considered according to the calendar? (January 1st)
3. Conversation about the history of the holiday New Year.
- New Year is a holiday celebrated by many peoples in accordance with the adopted calendar that comes at the time of transition from last day year on the first day of the next year. (1 slide)
- Try to guess riddles.
With a light white blanket
It will cover the whole earth.
He will bite everything with ice, dress up the Christmas tree.
What's her name? ... (Winter) (2 slide)

I have gifts in my bag
Caramels, chocolates.
Round dance around the tree
What a holiday? ... (New Year) (3 slide)
- Guys, who of you knows if our country always celebrated the New Year on January 1?
- The beginning of the year from January 1 was established by the Roman ruler Julius Caesar in 46 BC. NS. (4 slide)
- This day was dedicated to Janus - the god of choice, doors and all beginnings. The month of January got its name in honor of the god Janus, who was depicted with two faces: one looking forward and the other looking back. (5 slide)
Gregorian calendar
- Most countries celebrate New Year on January 1, the first day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. (6 slide)
- Traditional Chinese New Year is timed to coincide with the winter new moon at the end of the full lunar cycle, which took place after winter solstice(that is, on the second new moon after December 21). In the Gregorian calendar, this corresponds to one of the days between January 21st and February 21st.
- Until the 15th century in Russia, the new year began not from January, as at present, but from March (as in republican Ancient Rome) on the day vernal equinox March 20 or 21 (depending on the year). From the 15th century, the new year began on September 1. (7 slide)
- Each year corresponds to a certain animal. A 12-year cycle begins with the year of the Rat, then the year of the Ox comes, then the year of the Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog and Boar. (8 slide)
- Since 1700, according to the decree of Peter I, the New Year in Russia is celebrated, as in other European countries, on January 1 (according to the Julian calendar). (9 slide)
- Celebrating the New Year is a very significant holiday in many countries. And it is accompanied by a variety of variety events, feasts, festivities. (10 slide)
Christmas tree.
- Guess the next riddle.
All dressed up in toys
All in garlands and firecrackers.
Of course, this is ... (Christmas tree) (11 slide)
- Celebrating the New Year is a very significant holiday in many countries. And it is accompanied by a variety of variety events, feasts, festivities. According to tradition, a New Year tree is installed in the house.
- What toys are used to decorate the tree? (12 slide)
New Year's table.
- When celebrating the New Year, close people gather at the table. (13-14 slides)
- At 0 o'clock 0 minutes on January 1, the chimes strike. (15 slides)
- Let's hear how the chimes strike.
- With the first strike of the chimes, marking the arrival of the new year, it is customary to clink glasses of champagne and make a wish. (16 slide)
- What gifts would you like to receive for the New Year? It is customary to give gifts on New Years. (17 slide)
Father Frost.
Happy New Year,
All boys and girls.
And he gives us gifts
There they are: in the bag.
He is kind and bearded,
Red nose from frost.
Who is he, tell the children,
Loudly, amicably: (Santa Claus) (18 slide)
- Santa Claus is a fairy-tale character of East Slavic folklore. In Slavic mythology, he is the personification of winter frosts, a blacksmith who fetters the water.
- On New Year's Eve, Santa Claus comes and gives the children gifts that he brings in a bag behind his back. Often depicted in a blue, silver or red fur coat embroidered with patterns, in a hat (and not in a cap), with a long white beard and a staff in his hand, in felt boots. Rides a troika of horses, skiing or walking. (19 slide)
- The very first Santa Claus was Saint Nicholas. As he left, he left golden apples in a shoe in front of the fireplace to the poor family who had sheltered him. (20 slide)
- Santa Claus has a granddaughter - Snow Maiden (21 slides)
Pyrotechnics.
- When celebrating the New Year, various pyrotechnic products are actively used: firecrackers, Bengal candles and, in the last decade, fireworks, rockets, Roman candles, small and large firecrackers, etc. Currently, many capitals of the world or even individual countries spend millions of dollars to arrange a pyrotechnic show for the New Year. (22 slide)
Traditions in different countries of the world.(23 slide)
- In England, in addition to the Christmas tree, the house is decorated with sprigs of mistletoe. There are mistletoe bunches even on lamps and chandeliers. And according to custom, you can kiss the person standing in the middle of the room under a bunch of mistletoe. (24 slide)
- In Italy, on New Year's Eve, it is customary to get rid of old things. (25 slide)
- In Sweden, before the New Year, children choose the Queen of the World, Lucia. She is dressed up in White dress, put on a crown with candles on the head. Lucia brings gifts to children and treats to pets: a cat - cream, a dog - a sugar bone, a donkey - a carrot. (26 slide)
- In France, Santa Claus - Per Noel - comes to new year's eve and leaves gifts in children's shoes. Whoever gets a bean baked into a New Year's cake gets the title of "bean king", and on a festive night everyone obeys his orders. Wooden or clay figurines - santons - are placed near the tree. (27 slide)
- In Mexico, the New Year is celebrated with the fire of festive fireworks, firing from rocket launchers, and the ringing of special New Year's bells. And at midnight, children are handed delicious gingerbread dolls. (28 slide)
- In Japan, bells are rung 108 times on New Year's Eve. Each blow of the bell corresponds to one of the vices. There are six of them: greed, stupidity, anger, frivolity, indecision and envy, but each vice has 18 different shades, which in total is 108. (29 slide)
- In Spain, it is customary to eat 12 grapes at midnight. (30 slide)
Old New Year.(31 slides)
- Old New Year is a holiday celebrated in accordance with the New Year according to the Julian calendar (now on the night of January 13-14). It is noted in Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, Serbia, Switzerland and some other countries.

4. Summing up.

Now let's check how well you listened today.
Crossword.(32 slide)
1. What is the name of Santa Claus in France?
2. Who issued the order to celebrate the New Year in 1700?
3. On the night of January 13-14, what holiday is celebrated?
4. Who established the beginning of the year on January 1?
5. "The end of the year and the beginning of winter!"
- That's how they asked me a riddle.
6. Granddaughter of Santa Claus?
7. In which country is it customary to eat 12 grapes at midnight?
8. In which country on New Year's, children are given delicious gingerbread dolls?
Reflection.
Song " Christmas toys"(Author Alexander Metzger) (slide 33)

Presentation on the topic: History of the holiday "New Year"

In a presentation for older children preschool age"History of New Years Christmas decorations"collected material about the emergence and preservation in Russia of the tradition to create Christmas tree decorations and decorate them with green beauties

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Slide captions:

The story of Christmas tree decorations The story of Christmas tree toys

New Year's beauty

The first Christmas trees in Russia appeared a very long time ago, but they were not decorated, but began to do so a little later, repeating the European fashion. There were no Russian-made Christmas decorations at that time, they were ordered in Europe. Even then, Christmas tree decorations were clearly divided into decorations for the wealthy and for those who are poorer. Buying a glass toy for a Russian at that time was the same as buying a car for a modern Russian now. Christmas balls were heavy, since they learned to make thin glass only by the beginning of the 20th century

What kind of toys used to decorate the Christmas tree? Glass Cardboard

Wadded Porcelain

The first glass toys on the territory of Russia they began to do in Klin before the First World War. There artisan craftsmen blew glass products for pharmacies and other needs. But during the war years, the captured Germans taught them how to blow balls and beads. By the way, the Klin factory "Yolochka", by the way, remains the only factory in Russia that makes beads for Christmas trees.

In addition to glass, toys were made of cardboard. Toys glued together from two halves of convex tinted cardboard and wonderful toys were obtained

There were also toys made of cotton wool wound on a wire frame: this is how the figures of children, angels, clowns, sailors were decorated. On the trees they hung fake fruits made of papier-mâché and velvet.

Christmas decorations reflected the history of our country. If it was wartime, then Christmas decorations made such planes of soldiers, various combat vehicles. They even painted military battles on the balls.

When peacetime came, the toys immediately turned into magical fakirs of Fairy-tale characters

In houses and Christmas trees In animals

Into the stars Into fruits and vegetables

And, of course, many colorful balloons!

Christmas tree of your dads and moms, grandfathers and grandmothers

Now the Christmas tree is most often decorated with balls

And DIY toys

And Christmas trees are now unusual From balls

Christmas tree growing from the ceiling

The Christmas tree is all in lanterns

Christmas tree made of ties Christmas tree made of pencils

But the most beautiful Christmas tree, which is decorated with different toys!

Guys, love, store, appreciate and take care of toys! It's so wonderful when we are all surrounded by BEAUTY!


The tradition of decorating a Christmas tree for Christmas and New Year came to us from ancient times and is associated with the cult (veneration) of greenery. In Greece and Rome, houses were decorated with green branches with the onset of the new year. They were believed to bring health and happiness in the coming year. In Europe, during the period of complete extinction of nature, great attention symbols of her rebirth. At first, these were branches of plums, apple trees and cherries, which were placed in the water in advance. But they did not always bloom, so evergreens were preferred.

The custom of decorating trees existed among our ancestors even before the onset new era... In those days, it was believed that good and evil spirits found shelter in the branches of trees, and in order to negotiate with them, they brought gifts, hanging them on the branches.

The Christmas tree was first decorated in the 16th century. in Germany. In England, France, Germany, there is a legend about how Martin Luther (founder of Lutheranism, translator of the Bible into German) returned home on the night before Christmas (1513). He was amazed at the beauty of the starry sky, it seemed to him that the branches of a tree were also decorated with stars. Arriving home, he hung stars and candles on the tree.

There is another legend. According to her, after the birth of Jesus Christ, all living beings, including plants, came to worship him. Each one carried his gifts to the Christ child.

A beautiful palm tree and a fragrant olive tree decided to please the Savior with patterned lush foliage and a sweet aroma. Both trees were proud and vied with each other to boast of their gifts to each other. This conversation was heard by the Christmas tree. She also wanted to give something. And the stately trees laughed at her: "What can you give besides resin and thorny needles?"

Herringbone was modest, she stepped aside and wept bitterly with hot resinous tears. At that moment, an angel noticed her and, taking pity on the little Christmas tree, made her a wonderful gift. Having collected the most beautiful lights in the sky, he dressed thorny branches with them, and our modest woman appeared before the Savior in a bright multi-colored outfit.

Since then, the tree has been considered a symbol of Christmas.

Soon after Germany, other countries began to decorate the Christmas tree. In England, in 1841, a decree was issued by Queen Victoria allowing the celebration of the New Year with a decorated Christmas tree. And the first tree was installed on the square in front of the royal palace.

In France, the tree appeared at the court of King Louis-Philippe, who installed it at the request of his daughter-in-law, by birth German.

There is a legend that in the United States more than two hundred years ago, President George Washington celebrated the New Year with a Christmas tree decorated with toys brought from Germany.

In Russia, the first New Year's celebration took place in Moscow in honor of the new 1700. But in 1918 it was forbidden to celebrate the New Year, and the tradition of dressing up a beauty returned after 17 years.

In tropical countries, Christmas trees were made of plywood and decorated with rice straws.

In Australia and New Zealand, January is a summer month, here they use a local tree, metrosideros, covered with scarlet flowers as a Christmas tree. In Cuba, spruce is replaced by palm or pine trees. And in Nicaragua - the branches of a coffee tree with red fruits.

1 slide

2 slide

The New Year tree is an essential attribute of celebrating the New Year of Russia. In most countries of the world, the tree is an attribute of the celebration of Christmas. The Christmas tree is a coniferous tree decorated with garlands, glass and plastic toys, candles and sweets. Installed at the time of the New Year holiday in homes or on the street.

3 slide

A bit of history The first Christmas tree was installed in Riga. This is evidenced by documents found in the Riga archives and the world's oldest Christmas tree decoration. The date of birth of the Christmas tree can be considered 1510.

4 slide

New Year tree ... A New Year tree can also mean a festive event - a concert (most often for children) at which the New Year is celebrated. With the advent of the television era, the New Year tree began to refer to some of the festive television programs that were broadcast during the New Year celebrations.

5 slide

A bit of history For the first time, holidays for children with such a name began to be held in the Kremlin on New Year 1935. Initially, these celebrations were held for a small circle of children. But over time, all over Russia on the eve of the New Year holiday and for some time after they began to hold many holiday concerts for children with the unchanging characters Santa Claus and the Snow Maiden.

6 slide

The custom of decorating a Christmas tree By the early 17th century, the custom of decorating a Christmas tree had become fashionable. In 1815, toys made of wood, tin and tin appeared on the forest beauty. Craftsmen gilded spruce cones, and empty eggshells were covered with a thin layer of chased brass. Fashion has changed. Multicolored lanterns and baskets began to be brought from the Asian hinterlands to Europe.

7 slide

The custom of decorating a Christmas tree But the fantasy of German glassblowers was ahead of everyone: birds, Santa Clauses, jugs, cones, fragile amphorae and flutes ... Women painted items with gold and silver dust. A bright, all in toys, Christmas tree, so popular until 1900, at the turn of the century began to be considered a sign of bad taste, it was supplanted by a strict, stylish Christmas tree in silver-white tones.

8 slide

Interesting Facts An interesting fact is that Christmas tree decorations, history, politics and art are related. You can “read” the history of the country using toys. For the anniversary of Pushkin, sets of toys with images of heroes from the poet's works were released. During the Great Patriotic War, the most popular toys were parachutists.

9 slide

Interesting facts During the time of Stalin - Christmas tree hockey players and circus characters. During the Khrushchev era - vegetables and fruits. In the 60s - watches, astronauts, corn, Chipollino. In the 80s - athletes.