Shortest and longest day of the year. Winter Solstice What is the longest day of the year?

Solstice occurs twice a year - in summer and winter. The event got its name because of the position of the Sun in the sky - for several days Sun at noon is at one constant height or "stands", hence the solstice. Duration daylight hours June 21, 2016 in Ulyanovsk will be 17 hours 12 minutes 48 seconds. Moreover, on June 20 the daylight hours will be only two seconds shorter than on the 21st, and on June 22 it will be reduced by four seconds.

The length of the day remains unchanged - 24 hours, but the duration of light and dark time of the day changes throughout the year. Therefore there is the shortest And longest daylight hours. The longest day of the year is called Day summer solstice . Accordingly, this day is the shortest night.

In the daily bustle, we, of course, do not pay attention to the fact that since winter the Sun has been rising higher and higher above the horizon. On June 21, the Sun is at its maximum height above the horizon.

Ancient civilizations on Earth worshiped the Sun, understood astronomy, and followed its annual movement. They knew when the solstices and equinoxes occurred (day is equal to night), and celebrated these events as holidays. They guided their life and agricultural work according to them.

Dear Ilya Petrovich!
Thank you that, against the backdrop of the sophisticated scientific discussions currently taking place on our website, you were distracted by a comment on an issue insignificant for humanity in my note: determining the exact moment of the onset of a vague phenomenon in time - reaching the maximum declination of the Sun on the day of the summer solstice.
Of course, you are right: according to my method, this is a search for an extremum, but not the height of the Sun above my horizon, as you wrote, but its delta (declination) coordinates on the celestial sphere (but measured from the moving point “My Home”).
Thank you very much and for the tip about the "pole". (It’s a shame that I didn’t figure this out in time.) Yes, and “parallax arises,” but in our case it “doesn’t interfere,” we don’t measure the “delta” angle itself.
Using the same RedShifn-6, I “redefined” all the points: the coincidence of the longitudes of the pole and the Sun (which are given in official sources and do not differ from mine) and the achievement of maximum declination (which only I was looking for). Moreover, by “measuring” them and from the north And from the south poles for days and summer And winter solstice in 2016 And 2014 years.
Here's what we can say as a result. Estimates from any pole are the same. But in the summer 2016 year, the maximum declination of the Sun has arrived 2.5 minutes earlier how the Earth and the Sun came together by longitude. Not right away, but I remembered that these days the Earth’s orbit is approaching aphelion, i.e. deleted from the Sun and 2.5 minutes earlier was closer to him. And since we measure its declination from the pole, and not from the equator, parallax affects its value. But, without slipping into his calculation, I turned to the data on winter solstice: after all, there is a distance to the Sun decreases, and the declination increases (in absolute value), and its extremum should occur Later connections. But this logic didn't work. in winter the maximum declination will also be earlier connections ( 21.12. 2016 10:43 UTC) and even 5.5 minutes!
2014 The th year confirmed these shifts, but with different figures: summer - 21.06.2014 10:51 UTC, - 7.7 min; winter - 21.12.2014 23:02 UTC - 2.0 min. Trying to find the reasons for such shifts, I remembered the shifts in the center of rotation of the Earth-Moon and Sun-planet systems, not believing that they were included in the disk calculation program RS-6 and taking them into account will explain something. My method of determining the moment of extremum as the middle of the time interval between the beginning and end of the maximum value of the declination graph may be wrong. What else - I don’t know...

Good afternoon

VI0540:

Using the same RedShifn-6, I “redefined” all the points: the coincidence of the longitudes of the pole and the Sun (which are given in official sources and do not differ from mine) and the achievement of maximum declination (which only I was looking for). Moreover, by “measuring” them and from the north And from the south poles for days and summer And winter solstice in 2016 And 2014 years.

Did I understand correctly that you can indicate the longitude or meridian of the Earth aligned with the Sun at the time of the Solstices? If this is so, then I will be grateful if you indicate these coordinates to me - specifically on Earth

Dear Nadezhda Andreevna!
I omit explanations of a bunch of objective and subjective reasons for the delay in my response to your request. 10 days is too long. I'm sorry and I apologize. But there is a silver lining: the answer I had already prepared several days ago, which made me unsure, was mine calculation, less strict and accurate and also contained a stupid typo. Having had some difficulty understanding the various settings and operating modes of the RS-6 disk, I used a primitive, but more reliable selection method. That is, for our cases, I looked for the longitude on Earth from which at the moments of solstices and equinoxes the Sun was observed at the zenith. And all the calculations were done by RS-6 (i.e., I put all the “responsibility” on it). But now everything is clear, and the results have no doubt in my mind.

Time and coordinates of the Sun at zenith:

Summer solstice 20.06 .2016 22 hour 33.7 min UTC. Latitude: + 23.43°, longitude: -158.53°(zap)
Winter Solstice 21.12 .2016 10h 43.8m in UTC. Latitude: - 23.43°, longitude: + 018.62°(east)

Spring equinox 20.03 .2016 04 hour 33.2 +113.57°(east)
Autumn equinox 22.09. 2016 14 hour 20.4 min UTC. Latitude 00.00°, longitude - 036.99°(zap.)

To evaluate d reliability From these results I will say that in the table of astronomical events of the disk R ed S ift- 6 moments of the beginning of the “seasons of 2016” exactly at 1 min utu less similar data from Wikipedia. (But this is really “not me”! I only detailed them to the utmost with subsequent rounding). I remind you that 1 min utu the longitude of the Sun changes to 0.25°.

P.S. Your question about the orbit of the Moon and the answer to it Ingus-I’m also interested in it, but I still need to figure it out.
(Yes... About 40 years ago, for some reason, I felt more confident in matters of spherical astronomy. What is it?..)

Dear VI0540!

You have no idea what kind of service you did me. I thank you with all my soul and pure heart.

One more clarification - Do these coordinates change from year to year?

And I am sincerely glad that it turned out what you needed!
you ask : “Do these coordinates change over the years?"
It is known that many astronomical phenomena are repeated from year to year. Except some, of course. For example : weather, planetary positions, days of the week, Easter day... It is also known that our year is not a simple calendar year, but - tropical, equal to 365 days with an almost six-hour tail. And people are an impatient people, “and they are in a hurry to live and in a hurry to feel.” Don't wait yet before New Year's table another quarter of a day until the current year ends!. So we discard this “tail” and start the next one ahead of schedule calendar year. And our “solar meridians” will have to turn these ~ 350 minutes until the moment of “ripening” necessary conditions to open the next season (spring - summer -...) From their last year’s places they will have to move to the west by (~ 350 * 0.25°). And in 4 years we will introduce a leap day... So it turns out that if you need to have data for another period, it is easier to calculate them again than to determine the shifts of the previous ones, for fear of getting confused when the eastern longitude decreases and turns into western, which, on the contrary, increases... Immediately order a new calculation, whichever one you need. (Application - in writing via the LCI website.)

Nadezhda, excuse me for this long comic “educational program”. The shortest answer is in the comment headings. And - success and good luck to you in everything! (Not only in the definition and use of "solar meridians".)

Good afternoon, VI0540!

That’s why I asked whether the meridian itself changes over the years. After all, these are the key points of the Earth system. And accuracy is important. Very important. The fact that the year is artificially calculated confuses all the cards.

How can I get to your site? The search found either --site of lies----, or ---site does not work.

Good evening, Nadezhda Leshchenko!
When determining the positions of the meridians for you, I did not delve into what problem this was needed to solve. And now I don’t understand what “key points...” we are talking about, what an “artificially calculated year” is, and why it “confuses all the cards.” But I think there is no need to waste time on these explanations now. We'll find out what you need.

"Accuracy is important."So - and accuracy of the original value- the time of onset, relatively speaking, of spring, summer..., as we did above, or another phenomenon you need - it doesn’t matter. To what extent: minutes, seconds? AND - accuracy of the result- angle of longitude, meridian of the Sun on Earth, - up to degrees, arcminutes or seconds? You will have to ask this yourself.

"How to get to your site?"This is apparently a question in response to my comic proposal" Application - in writing..."But we are with you now correspond on the LKI website. I just meant it. Although, if you need to discuss some private issue that is not of interest to everyone, you can use e-mail. These are the questions that arise on this topic. Or, for example, your recent question about the orbit of the Moon was accompanied by a drawing with some inaccuracies and even errors that make it difficult to understand (at least for me). They can be clarified leisurely by email, without taking up precious space on our website.
Here is my mailbox address: . I think anyone can write to me.

Thank you. I read it and it made me laugh about the site.

But for the mail - thank you separately. Apparently I'm trying to explain my point in a somewhat confusing way. Or we speak slightly different languages - we need to somehow develop common terms, apparently. I'd better write to you by email. Thank you again.

Unfortunately, the mailers are answering me --- Address SH-V-I-40 yandex ru. in the To field not recognized. Check that all addresses are entered correctly.

I couldn't write to you

I've been using a computer for a long time, but I don't understand a lot of things and I still feel like a "teapot". I also discovered that in my text, already recorded on the site, “someone” underlined my email address, and now by clicking on it we are offered some kind of configuration (!?) (Or maybe it’s a glitch in my computer !.. Isn’t it the same for others?)
We communicated by mail with Sol, Polina; They communicated their addresses, it seems, by telephone. There are no typos in my address. Here is another copy of the address taken from the open page of my mail: SH-V-I-40 yandex ru.
I thought: if you write your address just like me at first, Here, and I send a message from my email via it, then it won’t go through either? What, shall we try? Or will we turn to specialists?

(Now our colleagues on the site are reading how two “teapots” are trying to communicate over a cup of tea, and laughing. You, Nadezhda, forgive me for dragging you into this “humor.” Let the people relax. You, it seems to me , don’t be afraid of this. I think it won’t hurt us... In the meantime, we’ll solve the “problem” in silence, unless someone delicately tells you what’s going on at the ill-fated address.)

Good evening!

I don't mind having a little laugh. What can you do - a “teapot” is a “teapot”, I’m like that too. Let them smile.

My mail factortor gmail com.

I already had something similar, I don’t remember with whom. This is not a computer. This is something different.

I tried again - the same thing.

It would be interesting to expand the heliactic risings of Sirius into the past, taking into account precession. From a dating point of view. Twist the rings, so to speak. Combine the solstice, the heliactic rising of Sirius and the flood of the Nile. How did this all fit in the past timeline?

Ingus writes:

The Egyptians revered the goddess Sopdet. The heliactic rising of her star heralded the flooding of the Nile, an event of greatest agricultural significance. And they had three seasons, not four, like ours. And the equinox didn’t seem to bother them too much: .....

At school we were told about the same thing. All observations of the starry sky in Egypt were associated with the need to predict floods of the Nile. However, this can be doubted. As is now known, weather and climate changes do not obey strict astronomical periods. Otherwise, our meteorologists would have long ago learned to predict the weather properly. For example, even an empirical model of the so-called Southern Oscillation, which, in particular, is associated with such a powerful phenomenon as El Niño, has not yet been built. Moreover, it is now believed that weather and climate phenomena are not just highly random, but also contain a component that is associated with critical phenomena. Energy accumulates somewhere and then, upon reaching a certain critical level, is released at an unpredictable point in time, like earthquakes.

It follows from this that it was impossible to obtain any reliability in predicting the Nile floods by observing the stars. From this we can conclude that observing the stars served a completely different task. I don’t know which one, but not the floods of the Nile. It's just no use.

However, the release of energy (water) into the Nile system is a stable phenomenon over time (see hydrograph of the Nile for 20 years.) The rise in level begins shortly after the summer solstice. Monsoons from the Indian Ocean condense in the cool Ethiopian Highlands and fill the Blue Nile. And he brings all this abundance to Bely. The maximum level of rise varies from year to year, but the time frame does not. The spectacular predawn appearance of Sirius in the Egyptian sky after a long absence preceded the flood of the Nile for a rather long period of Egyptian history. As I understand it, now the heliactic rising of Sirius occurs almost at the very peak of the water..

Agree. Astronomers cannot accurately predict the weather, and neither can meteorologists.

Is it interesting that astrologers predict the weather? :) I’ll go study the question.

Ingus writes:

However, the release of energy (water) into the Nile system is a stable phenomenon over time (see hydrograph of the Nile for 20 years.) The rise in level begins shortly after summer solstice. Monsoons from the Indian Ocean condense in the cool Ethiopian Highlands and fill the Blue Nile.

That's the whole point, that "shortly after...". The arrival of spring or summer does not require astronomical observations. This is already obvious. Naturally, the annual temperature cycle is visible on the graphs, but it is immersed in a chaotic component with a sufficiently large dispersion that it does not allow weather changes to be predicted with useful accuracy. The same goes for the monsoon period. The arrival of the monsoons can vary over a fairly wide range and this has nothing directly to do with astronomy. Determining the date when the Sun rises approximately in the east does not require the construction of complex structures, especially since the Nile floods only “shortly after” this.

Don't worry too much - astrologers can't predict the weather. Rather, one can predict it by signs. For example, water boiling in a kettle - in a saucepan it is not so noticeable - it makes noise differently for different weather. Accuracy - from a day to 3-4 hours.

If birds actively bathe in puddles or dust, it means rain or snow. - the same thing, from a day to several hours

If the Moon seems clear and bright even through the clouds, expect good weather. If even in cloudless weather there is a haze, wait for the weather to worsen

For a long time I could not think of what to say about this phenomenon. Theoretically no "standing" there is no difference between a smooth increase in the declination and altitude of the Sun and their subsequent decrease. And they are separated moment, instant when a plane drawn through the Earth's rotation axis normal to the orbital plane and moving along it at a speed of 30 km/sec intersects the direction at center Sun. How can we define this moment that changes our joyful expectation? : "summer is still ahead", - on the sad : "and the day is already waning" ? I did not immediately realize that the direction of the plane through the axis is 90° from the point of the vernal equinox. Therefore, I took the long path : definition the moment of reaching the maximum declination of the Sun (about +23°26" this year).

There are some interesting numbers here. The RedShift-6 calculation disk that I used determines the declination with an accuracy of 0.01" (arcsecond). On Earth, the latitude of the subsolar point with such a tiny change in the declination of the Sun increases by only about 3 m. This is what the upper section approximately looks like." solstice", the last 3-meters of the movement of the subsolar point on the earth's surface (graph not to scale).

And - the result. With an error of 0.01" (arcsecond) specified by the counting program, the moment of reaching the top point of the solar declination graph is determined using this method no more accurately than a whole minute and is equal to June 21, 2016 08:04 am Moscow time. But, since the concept of “MSK” has recently been arbitrary and unscientific, and scientists are either silent, or the authorities prefer to make “democratic” decisions taking into account the illiterate majority, then it is more reliable to express time in Greenwich Mean Time : 05 hours 04 minutes MV(world time). (I myself am already getting confused in this leapfrog with time.) This is it middle"standing".
During the calculations it turned out that if we consider the decrease in the height of the Sun by half its diameter, that practically imperceptibly and changes the length of day and night by only 5 minutes, this takes more than a week. Here you go standing for half a month!

What do we see on the Internet on this topic? Everyone celebrates the beginning of have a long day , sweeping aside the first half of the “solstice”, since neither its beginning nor its end are defined. Moreover, in the Russian media (I didn’t come across others) it is given everywhere Moscow midnight, apparently considering this particular Moscow day to be the longest in the northern hemisphere.
I would mark the conditional beginning (end) of the days of the “solstice” 7-8 days from the middle, and June 21-22 - the time of “the middle of the longest (shortest - for the southern hemisphere) day on Earth this year.” But from precise definitions and we have already learned to understand the essence of phenomena...

PS. I looked at the article Sol 14:51 Moscow time. What a moment this is? ~12: 16 Moscow time(summer, "maternity leave").

VI0540 writes:

I looked at the article Sol from 06.20.14. Sorry, Ilya, I don’t have a comment, but I’ll just ask a question about the time you gave: 14:51 Moscow time. What a moment this is? The moment of maximum declination of the Sun on this day turned out to be ~12: 16 Moscow time(summer, "maternity leave").

Dear Vsevolod Ivanovich, according to the summer solstice in 2014 it has arrived June 21 V 10:51 UTC. We add 3 hours to UTC according to the Moscow time zone and another hour of what was then still summer time, we get 14:51 Moscow time.

And for 2016 The time of summer constellation is also indicated there: June 20 22:34 UTC, which corresponds to June 21 1:34 Moscow time. This also does not correspond to your data. 5:04 UTC.

Moreover, if in 2014 there was a discrepancy +2 h 35 m, then in 2016: -6 h 30 m(!). The reason is still unclear to me.

Thank you Sol for his comments about the discrepancy between my data and the data in his link. Indeed, determining the moment of “solstice” by the coincidence of the longitude of the polar axis of the Earth (according to the ecliptic) and the Sun, which I was too lazy to do right away (more precisely, I did not immediately understand how) - gives the correct result 01:43 Moscow time. And it doesn’t matter whether you take the North Pole, which is directed towards the Sun, or the South Pole, which is directed away from it. And I wanted to determine this not indirectly(after all, the coincidence of “horizontal” coordinates is only a condition under which the “vertical” coordinate we are looking for - the declination of the Sun - is maximum), but directly, directly measuring the increasing declination.
The error in these measurements was as follows. Fairly considering that the coordinate of the “subsolar” point on the Earth, now turned by its northern hemisphere towards the Sun, depends only on its position in space, I did not take into account all initial settings astro-disk program RedShift-6, with which the calculation was carried out. The declination of the Sun was determined from a specific point on Earth, and by default it is “My Home”. It turns out that when selecting the moment of the extremum of this declination, “my house”, as the starting point of measurement, itself shifted along another nonlinear trajectory (rotation around the earth’s axis). The result is involuntary distorted. With step-by-step selection, it would be possible to “move” to the subsolar point each time, but in manual version it's cumbersome. It is best to be in center of the earth: it is he who is always located in the same plane (ecliptic) with the center of the Sun (more precisely, the solar system, I don’t know the difference, but this is clearly more accurate). But it turned out that RedShift-6, designed for a normal observer, for some reason does not provide for looking at the stars from the center of the Earth.
I was also confused by media reports that “solstice 2016 falls at 1 hour 34 minutes Moscow time". I know that this is exactly how much (more precisely 1 hour 30 minutes) the clock shows now ("summer + maternity" time), when specifically in Moscow the deepest midnight (averaged over the year) arrives. So I thought that the media takes the midnight of Moscow, which has nothing to do with it, as the moment of the onset of a “global” event.
It's a pity that the media don't use another Russian name for this day." Solstice". It more correctly marks the moment of the end of the rise in the height of the Sun and the beginning of its decline. I have already written that the content of the phenomenon and the term " solstice"We also need to streamline...

June 21 is not just the day when the Sun will stay in the sky the longest of the year. You can do a lot of useful things on this day, because, according to astrologers, it has special energy.

According to some astrology analysts, the upcoming summer solstice will not be the most favorable. How to carry it out how to attract good luck and how to improve energy June 21, read our previously published article.

Longest day in 2016

There are two types of solstice - summer and winter. In winter, this day is the longest night, and in summer it is the shortest. This happens because the Earth is tilted at a certain degree relative to the Sun.

To make it easier to understand, imagine that you are looking at a switched-on flashlight from the side. It shines unevenly: somewhere you will see almost nothing under your feet, but somewhere, on the contrary, you will see everything. The Earth, as it were, hides or substitutes certain areas of its “body” under the lantern-Sun. On June 20, it will shine the longest because our planet will be at a convenient angle.

Solstice is the fixed position of the Earth relative to the Sun. The day will begin to wane, starting at 01:34 on June 22, and the Earth will slowly begin to turn its gaze away from the Sun.

Magic day June 21

For thousands of years, our ancestors believed that on this day white rituals became stronger. The power of the Sun increases to the limit and charges people with positive energy. It also helps open channels of abundance that fill people with goodness, fortitude and good fortune.

On this day they are more likely to be fulfilled cherished desires. To make your dreams come true, read the article about the energy of desires. The described techniques and tips will help on Solstice Day achieve everything you want.

On this day, fortune telling with Tarot cards, as well as other methods of predicting the future, is much more productive and accurate. Prophetic dreams that may occur on the nights of the 20th to the 21st and from the 21st to the 22nd are more likely to come true than usual.
If you have long wanted to make a talisman, today best time for this idea. Charging existing talismans will also be more successful than usual.
Healing herbs, collected on June 21, will be much stronger than on other days. They can be collected and left for the future - they will not lose their strength over time.
Healing rituals will be especially productive on this day.

Many centuries ago, the summer solstice was celebrated very vigorously. People believed in the power of the Sun and tried to attract good luck into their lives with certain traditions. The ancient Celts celebrated this day with ritual fires - huge bonfires. Now, of course, almost all the main traditions have been lost and buried, but among the Scots to this day June is considered energetically best month for marriage.

Astrological forecast for June 21

June 20 is a full moon day, which has an extremely negative effect on solar activity. The Moon and Sun on the 21st will be in strong dissonance, so we can expect various changes in both mood and business. Top tip astrologers is to try on this day to go towards your goals and not stray from the given path.

Many scientists even call this day dangerous, but everything will depend on your willpower and the steps you take. Relax and go with the flow so as not to waste time on empty worries.

It would be better to focus on the love sphere on this day, spending time with your soulmate or in the process of finding one. Don't be afraid to meet nice people and tell the truth. Give compliments to people of the opposite sex, but be careful that they don't think you're flattering them.

Try to spend June 21st in such a way that there is something to remember. Allow yourself to do something useful for yourself. Do not give in to provocations and do not be afraid to express your point of view. May this day be successful and bright for you. Read to know everything about what awaits you and how to attract good luck not only today, but at any other time. Be happy and don't forget to press the buttons and

20.06.2016 03:13

The summer solstice is a special time in esoteric terms. It is associated with the beginning of astronomical summer,...

With the arrival of spring, it becomes noticeable that the sun rises higher and higher above the horizon at noon and later disappears behind it in the evening. Finally, at the beginning of summer, the luminary reaches its highest point - the summer solstice arrives. The date of the longest day of the year varies by hemisphere and year. In the Northern Hemisphere, the summer solstice occurs on June 20, if there are 365 days in a year, and on June 21, if there are 366. And in the Southern Hemisphere, leap year the longest day will be December 22, and in a normal year it will be December 21.

After the longest day comes the shortest night. According to old Slavic beliefs, it was magical time: the powers of useful plants increased many times over; the girls who bewitched were certainly shown suitors. Swimming before this day was strictly prohibited, as it was believed that in the water. On the summer solstice, the devils left the water until the beginning of August, so they swam and doused themselves with water all day.

When pagan traditions were supplanted by Christian ones, this holiday was named the Day of John the Baptist. And since John baptized by immersion in water, it turned out to be the day of Ivan Kupala. Planted on the fertile soil of ancient beliefs, the holiday took root and has survived to this day like a dousing.

In the old calendar, the summer solstice and Midsummer's day coincided, but according to the new style, the holiday shifted to July 7.

Winter Solstice

After the summer solstice the day begins. Gradually the Sun reaches its lowest point of rise. In the Northern Hemisphere, the shortest day of the year occurs in December on the 21st or 22nd, and in the Southern Hemisphere on June 20 or 21, depending on whether it is a leap year or not. After the longest night, the countdown begins - now the day will begin to increase until the summer solstice, and after it, it will decrease again to the winter one.

The winter solstice was celebrated in primitive communities, when before the long winter people slaughtered all the cattle they could not feed and had a feast. Later, this day received a different meaning - the awakening of life. Most famous holiday solstice - medieval Yule among the Germanic peoples. On the night after which the sun begins to rise higher, fires were lit in the fields, crops and trees were blessed, and cider was brewed.

In Greek mythology, the ruler of the underworld, Hades, was allowed to visit Olympus only two days a year - on the summer and winter solstice.

Later, Yule merged with the celebration of Christmas, adding pagan traditions to Christian traditions - for example, kissing under the mistletoe.

Author $ Orlov asked a question in the section Climate, Weather, Time Zones

What date will be the longest day? and got the best answer

Answer from Rain Wives[guru]
This year it is June 21st
In the northern hemisphere of the Earth, the winter solstice occurs on December 21 or 22, and then (south of the Arctic Circle) the shortest day (and longest night) is observed, and the summer solstice occurs on June 20, 21 or 22 UTC, and then (south of the Arctic Circle ) the longest day (and shortest night) is observed. In the southern hemisphere, these dates fall on the summer and winter solstices, respectively.
Summer Solstice (longest day of the year)
June 21st to lunar calendar marked as the Summer Solstice. The older name of this holiday is as follows: Summer Solstice Festival.
In the pagan culture of our ancestors, this holiday had its own traditions and methods of celebration. They are very interesting and unique. In the pagan calendar of the Slavs, this holiday was dedicated to the sun god - Yaril. They had been preparing for it since the morning. The girls put on their best beautiful outfits and decorated themselves with herbs and flowers. Herbs were given the significance of amulets against dark and evil forces. The most popular were wormwood, St. John's wort, and nettle. They were attached to the belt.
The guys were busy with other things. They were looking for a tree of suitable size. It could be birch, willow, black maple. Then they installed it in the place where the festivities were planned. The girls decorated the tree with scraps of fabric and flowers. This tree was popularly called madder or kupala. An image of Yarila was installed at the foot of the tree. They were served by a doll, half the height of a person. It was made from straw, clay and branches.
Traditional celebrations were held around the tree and a fire was lit. A doll of Yaril was burned in it. All participants of the holiday had amulets, herbs, wreaths with them in order to resist the evil forces of nature that woke up on this day.
According to the beliefs of our ancestors, along with the burning of Yarila, the sun died, so that the next day it would be born again and delight people.

Reply from 3 answers[guru]

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