Useful tips.


How and the better to clean the natural stone.


We must clean: The facade lined with sandstone, pebbles and boulders in a pond, powerful sidewalk courtyard.

Durability is a distinctive feature of a natural stone. Natural stone, like any other material, under the action of the environment, change their appearance over the years. The stone is dumping, covered with dust, particles of the earth, overgrown with moss. In places where constant dampness, mold may appear on the stones. Natural stone over the years acquires a more expensive and noble view, but we will look at the option when a stone cleaning is needed.

Cleaning natural stone with water

This is the most gentle and practical method. Hot water effectively removes organic pollution. Water rigidity for natural stone does not matter, rigid water natural stone does not harm.

Failure: Not all kinds of contaminants can be removed from the surface of the stone with hot water.

cleaning stone acid

In this case, products with pH<7. Соляная кислота, фосфорная кислота, фтористоводородная кислота, органические кислоты (лимонная, муравьиная и уксусная) или кислотно-реагирующая соль, как NH4HF2.

They easily cope with inorganic pollution. Remove from natural stone The remains of the cement mortar, formed lime, and if necessary rust.

For example, lined 3 years ago, the wall of gray-green sandstone with a red ridge can be treated with acetic acid. Thus, wash off the whole redhead with a stone. This will allow you to wash the stone and change the color of the wall.

For cleaning the surface of the natural stone, the stone diluted with a diluted acid is moisturily and abundantly. Then washed off the treated surface with clean water.

When using hydrochloric acid, with time, iron chloride forms rust falls (red-haired colors on the stone). This method is desirable to entrust the specialist who is familiar with the reactions of certain acids with various types of natural stone. If there is no specialist, you can spend trial (test) actions, in small areas, be sure to observe all precautions.

Failure: It should be known that it is possible to damage the surface of the stone. Acid removes the crust of pollution, penetrating and rushing the boundary layer between the stone and dirt. Perhaps partial destruction of the surface layer of stone. Another aspect, as a result of the reaction of acids and alkalis, the salt appears, remove which is extremely difficult. If in the natural stone contains iron elements, then yellow-brown divorces may appear on the stone.

But should not actively apply such funds when cleaning marble and limestone! The stone is damaged.

natural stone cleaning alkali

Alkaline compounds with pH\u003e 7. They effectively eliminate organic pollution (oil spots, traces of fat, wax films, etc.). Use a potassium solution, alkali drinking soda.

Use method: abundant pre-moisturizing, then processing diluted alkali (1:10 - 1:30). Flush the treated surface with water or neutralizing composition (diluted acid).

Alkaline means are harmless to acid-sensitive stones, for example, limestone.

Failure: Alkaline agents are ineffective with cement contamination, when removing rust and limestone tax.

cleaning stone solvent

Pollution on natural stone from synthetic fats, resins, mineral oils, glue, paints and wax are eliminated by solvent.

Disadvantage: Fully cleaned pollution fails, residual traces remain after chemical processing. Not suitable for eliminating cement spots, lime and traces of rust.

Gold is rightfully considered a noble metal. But despite this, gold products need to be washed and clean. One-piece chains and bracelets easily return the original appearance. But how to clean the gold earrings with a stone, for example? Let's find out how to care for such decorations.

Fundamental rules

Clean gold inlaid by stones, difficult task. You need to be extremely careful, the wrong processing method can spoil the jewel.


  1. Do not use sharp toolsnot to scratch precious stones.
  2. Do not lower the accessory into the waterIf the stones in gold products are kept with the help of glue - they simply can disappear.
  3. With flannel fabric flange You can remove dust and dirt without additional manipulations.

  • Clean the jewels regularly. Regardless of the frequency of socks, gold jewelry with inlays must be cleaned once a month.
  • Contact jewelry workshop. If gold with stones is very expensive, and you are afraid to handle it with your own hands, better treat it to the jeweler. The price of such a service is quite accessible, and the risk to spoil the products is minimal.

Cleaning methods

To understand how to clean this or that product, you can only find out the origin of inlays. Some inserts are completely not subject to home processing. These include:

  • amber,
  • berylla
  • pearl,
  • coral,
  • lapis lazuli,
  • ivory,
  • turtle shell.

All decorations with stones can be divided into three types. I will tell about leaving each of them.

View 1. Precious Inlair

What and how can I bring gold with precious stones at home? The main recommendations are presented in Table:

Picture Type of insert

Recipe 1. Sapphire / Brilliant

Such products can be cleaned:

  • Ammonia alcohol;
  • Rinse in soap solution.
  • Flannel.

Sapphire is forbidden to heat.
Recipe 2. Pomegranate / Amethyst

Allowed:

  • Clean ultrasound.
  • Handle with a soft toothbrush.
  • Wash in a soap solution.

Pomegranate and amethyst can not expose to sharp difference in temperature.

Recipe 3. Chrysolit / Aquamarine.

You can rinse with:

  • Detergent solution.
  • Summary of ammonic alcohol.

Recipe 4. Ruby / Topaz / Emerald.

Permitted:

  • Use warm steam.
  • Wipe with a cotton waller dipped in gasoline.
  • Process with soap solution.

These are very fragile stones, so they cannot be subjected to strong shocks and clean ultrasound.

Recipe 5. Turquoise / Opal

At home, such a product can be wiped with flannel or velvet. In case of severe pollution, it is better to contact the jeweler.

Recipe 6. Tourmalin

Take the liquid soap and prepare a weak solution: 1 tbsp. l. Funds per 100 ml of warm water. Wipe the decoration with the resulting liquid.

View 2. Semi-precious inlay

Many products are decorated with semi-precious stones inserts. Zircon is considered the most popular. It is red (hyacinth), blue (stilit) and yellow (jargon).


InstructionHow to return the brilliance and transparency of Zircon:

Picture Recommendations

Step 1

Ship the container with foil and pour into it a weak soap solution. Lower the product with a zircon for 15 minutes.

Step 2.

Wipe the stones with a pure soft toothbrush.

Remove the dirt in the places of fasteners and fasteners with a cotton sticks moistened in the ammonia.
Step 3.

Wipe the mineral and gold with a napkin for optics or flannel flannel.

Gold is not only a beautiful and precious metal, but also a good investment. In the modern world of an unstable economy, the purchase of gold is a reliable investment of funds. However, most women love gold products. Therefore. Unlike jewelry, gold is very worn, it is not discolored and not covered by stains, even if you wear a decoration constantly. However, with time, gold rings, earrings and chains can be contamined. Fat stains appear on the metal, the dirt and dust and dust stuck in the small details, the gold itself becomes dim. To return the golden decorations to be a shine and shine, they need to be cleaned thoroughly.

How to clean gold products

Clear precious metals from pollution is very simple. To do this, just soak them in hot water with detergent. Add a little liquid soap to a bowl of boiling water and lower the gold into the soap solution. Leave it there for a while. After that, clean the spacious contaminated sections with a shallow brush.

Sometimes the pollution is stuck between the chain links, especially if the product is frightened and worn every day. Most often it happens with chains that are worn on hand - they are most susceptible to pollution. To get rid of such pollution, it will take citric acid or freshly squeezed lemon juice. Slit juice in a tablespoon and lower the chain into it. Lemonic acid must be breeding so that the solution turned out to be as concentrated as possible. After that, heat the contents of the spoon over the burner or burner. When heating the acid corrosive contamination, cleaning even the most hard-to-reach metal sections. After the liquid boils the lemon juice into the glass and lower the same chain there, to remove dirt residues. After that, the chain will need only rinse.

How to clean the products with solid stones

If the golden product is not recommended to lower it in hot water. The fact is that some stones are mounted on products with glue. And the stone can just fall from boiling water. But how to care for such decorations and how to clean them?

Stones are different hardness. Now you will learn how to clean gold products with solid stones, such as diamond, topaz, grenades, emerald, sapphire, chrysolite, zircon, ruby.

  1. If gold is not polluted very much, it can be cleaned with a conventional detergent solution. Please note - it should not be hot. Soft brushes walk throughout the product, then rinse and polish it.
  2. With severe pollution, use the ammonia alcohol. On a third of a glass of water, pour the visa spoon of the ammonia, then lower the decoration into the solution. After a while, shake the glass so that the dirt from the hard-to-reach places has departed. It is still a bit of gold in the solution, and then wash the dirt from it.
  3. Gasoline will help to get rid of fat spots and greasy divorces. Damn the rag in it and polish it the product. It flashes with a new force.
  4. For some stones there are special products for professional cleansing. They can be bought in a jewelry store.
  5. To stones again shone with all the edges, they need to wipe with hydrogen peroxide.
  6. Large gems are cleaned with shallow ash. To do this, it is enough to burn the match and wipe the stone of burnt wood. This method can only be used for solid stones.

As you know, precious stones are distinguished by their hardness. If solid stones can be cleaned almost anything, then soft require special care. Soft stones include pearls, malachite, snake, turquoise, amber, coral, opal and others.

  1. Clean the products with soft stones are impossible, especially a brush with rigid bristles. Such brushes can scratch the surface of the stone. For the same reason, you should not clean the product toothpaste, especially with small solid particles.
  2. In optics stores sell special soft wipes to care glasses of glasses. They can be used when cleaning gold products with stones. Sometimes you can find the same napkins on sale, but with a special impregnation, which eliminates the appearance of divorces.
  3. Golden decorations with soft stones need to be cleaned in warm soapy water with a soft cloth. Do not soak them - soft stones do not tolerate moisture. After washing, the decoration must be carefully dried.
  4. It is impossible to clean pearls with vinegar or lemon juice - the acid corps this stone. This applies only to natural pearls.
  5. If your product has corals or turquoise, they should be wiped with alcohol. The ammonia use to clean the soft stones can not - the products can be muddy.

How to clean gold with stones at home

If there is no alcohol at hand, nor amazing, you can clean the gold products with the help of folk remedies.

  1. Mix egg protein and beer in equal proportions. Moisten the flannel rag in the cooked agent and clean the decoration it.
  2. Onion juice will help to get rid of silent pollution. Lower the decoration into it for 10 minutes, and then go through the gold brush.
  3. You can get rid of dirt in hard-to-reach places with vinegar.
  4. Golden glitter will help sugar. Prepare sweet water and lower the decoration on the night.
  5. To clear the golden product, you need to prepare a special paste. Mix chalk, vaseline and soap chips. Add some water to get sour cream-like consistency. Apply the prepared tool for gold and wash in a few hours.

Gold with precious stones elegantly looks at a woman of any age. However, to preserve and emphasize the beauty and sophistication of the decoration, you need to be able to properly care for your gold products.

  1. If you wear gold constantly, without removing - it needs to be cleaned every month.
  2. When cleaning any gold products, it is impossible to use a household soap, otherwise gold will sweep up and loses its shine. This is due to the fact that in the composition of the economic soap there are special acids that are not combined with gold. For cleaning it is best to use toilet liquid soap, shampoo or dishwashing agents.
  3. If ordinary cleaning does not help get rid of dirt in hard-to-reach places, use the glycerin. Moisten a cotton wand in it and carefully walk around the product.
  4. To update the golden product, it is wiped with cologne or any other alcohol-containing solution.
  5. Gold should not be under the right sunlight. It should also be protected from sharp temperature differences. And then it will serve you not one dozen years.

Gold products - a sign of high taste and wealth of their owners. However, so that they always look well maintained and exquisitely, they need regular care. Follow your decorations and always be at the height!

Video: how to clean gold with stones

No matter what gem is used (in therapeutic, magical purposes or as a decoration), it is necessary to care for it and sometimes clean. When you bought a stone, it must be cleaned. Hold it a few minutes under running water. Better, of course, if it is possible - use spring natural water.

Minerals that belong to the quartz group can be put in a glass bowl with water and hold the night in the freezer. You can stones and products from them to the vessel with water. Water, freezing, will remove dirty information from the stone, and it will be cleared. Thus, you can clean the stones that you used to be, and new - bought or presented.

The same exactly purify not only newly acquired stones, but also those that you already have. Do it need not less than once a year, And health stones are cleaned once a month on a decreasing moon.

General Rule Cleaning Stones Takovo: All stones are always better to clean in the last three days of the lunar month (28, 29, 30) - before the new moon. In the full moon, the stones accumulate energy and after cleaning they must have time to restore their own energy.

Tourmaline.

For storage stones, it is best to use bags for each stone separately. The bag should be silk or cotton, can be flax. In such packaging, gems can be stored in one box or box.

You can select such methods for cleaning and updating natural stones (you need to specify - not all ways are suitable for certain minerals). Precious stones are different in their properties and require an individual approach to cleaning. If for some appropriate use of a soap solution, then for others it may be destructive. Improper cleaning can spoil your favorite decoration.

  1. Water purification - stone is kept under running water (from under the tap) for several hours. It is better to put in the bag and - to the spring, bind the bag so as not to be taken. Or just pour spring water into a glass and put a stone there.
  2. Cleaning the Sun is a stone to pre-wash it with water and put on a bright sun for 30 minutes. This is also cleansing, and charging the stone.
  3. Cleaning salt - stone burrowed into the salt for 3-4 hours, then throw a salt.
  4. Cleaning with a salt solution of water is to lower the stones into salted water, poured into a crystal dishes. You can and in another dishes, of course.
  5. Cleaning soap water - prepare a soap warm solution, pour it into porcelain or crystal dishes, and withstand the stones in the sun for about two hours,
  6. Cleaning the earth - burned stones (this concerns the purification of precious stones) to the ground for the night.
  7. Purification by natural sea water is to wash the crystals with sea water, leave it for 3 hours.

All stones from time to time it is useful to lay out for several hours or days to sunlight. This is especially true of those stones that you constantly wear. But - be attentive - some stones in the sun are changing or losing color.

You can simply flush the thing every day - the stone will be only better.

If a stone hardness indicator is above 5 ( sapphire, Emerald, Brilliant, Topaz, Ruby, Aquamarine, Quartz, Normal Beryl), it is allowed to clean in the solution of any washing powder using the brush. The exception will be the decorations that use soft metal, for example, silver. Gems framed in gold or platinum, perceive such cleaning well. After cleaning, it is necessary to wash off the residues of the solution with distilled water.

To clean the stones, a solution is suitable for a solution consisting of 120 g of drinking soda, 30 g of a table salt and 50 g of chlorine lime dissolved in 0.5 liters of water.

The precious stones are often very fragile and with careless circulation can be easily crap. This is especially true of those stones that have inclusions. Therefore, if you want to clean the chrysolite or emerald yourself, show great care! Invalid movement - and from the stone can break off a piece.

Precious stones with a hardness indicator below 5 should be washed in a softer medium, it is suitable for example, a soap solution. These stones include - apatite, Ruby, Opal, Suncher, Lunar Stone, Chrysolite, Lazurit, Malachite.

Rubin, Alexandrite and Sapphire It can be cleaned in a soapy alcohol. The proportions of the solution - 0.5 glasses of water, 1 teaspoon of alcohol. After cleaning, rinse the gems with warm water.

Amethyst, mountain crystal and citrine It should be cleaned only with ultrasound.

Turquoise - Capricious gem. It can not be cleaned with aqueous solutions, from their impact stone can easily lose color. Decorations with turquoise can not be subject to sharp drops of temperatures, the effects of acidic and soap solutions. To remove severe pollution, alcohol or distilled water is allowed. To return the brilliance, a piece of flannel fabric is suitable or dry suede - they can polish turquoise independently.

Very often the dirt is going under the stone. It is possible to remove it with a match and a piece of cotton. Moisten cotton glycerin or magnesia and ammonia solution. Neat circular movements wipe the excavation and surface. If dirt particles are left, which could not be deleted, contact a specialist in the cleaning of jewelry. Perhaps need professional cleaning with ultrasound. True, you can clean the ultrasound all the stones.

Universal way to clean any stones

Amethyst druss.

Minerals put on the night on amethystrone friend With very small crystals (it is also called an amethyst brush or a lie for stones).

Also known cleaning a friend of quartz - Place the quartz quartz stones at night.

Despite the strength, the stone - the material is very gentle and requiring care. This article provides recommendations for cleaning surfaces from natural stone - how and what to wash it. Even the types of spots are subject to classification, because the choice of household chemicals depends on this.

Common care

Any glasses, especially with alcoholic drinks or juice from citrus, put those on trays. In many drinks and food products, the acid can eliminate the stone surface or bleach it. Place hot dishes not on the stone surface, but on special mats. Place the litter or napkins for the objects from porcelain, ceramics or silver, which can scratch the surface.

Outdoor surfaces
Take the floors with dry, uncharged mop or broom. Sand, dirt and abrasive particles cause the greatest harm to stone surfaces due to their abrasive ability. Rugs and bedding on both sides of the main entrance will allow minimizing the sand, dirt and abrasive particles entering the floor, which can scratch the stone floor, the main thing is that the bottom of the rug is non-slip. Typically, eight steps are enough to flew entire sand or dirt from the boot sole. Do not use the former vacuum cleaners, since their plastic or metal wheels and nozzles can also scratch the surface.

Other surfaces
Wash the stone surfaces using a few drops of cleaning products, the "stone" soap (which can be purchased in business stores or the company - the supplier of stone slabs) or a soft liquid detergent for dishes and warm water. To obtain the best results, a clean rag mop for wiping the floor and a soft cloth for washing other surfaces. With an excess of cleaning agent or soap can remain strips. Do not use products containing lemon, acetic or other acid for washing marble or limestone plates. Wash the surface thoroughly after cleaning it with soapy and dry up with a soft cloth. Change water more often, do not use detergent or creams, since they contain abrasive substances that can scratch the surface.

Bathroom and other wet surfaces
In the bathroom or other wet rooms, soap foam can be minimized by rubbing the surface with a rubber brush. To remove foam, use a means for removing a foam that does not contain acids, or an aqueous solution of ammonia alcohol, although the stone surface can be famped when the use of ammonia alcohol is too frequent.

Working surfaces
For working surfaces, the primer varnish may be needed. In order not to be marked from water, it is necessary to treat the surface with a non-sewing wax in the form of a paste.

Kitchen zone
Here, it may be necessary to use a sealing composition or primer varnish that does not contain poisonous components. Always consult a manufacturer.

Indoor courtyard and pool area
In the basin area, patio or jacuzzi, wash the surface with clean water and use a soft bleach solution to remove algae or moss.

Properties of stone

The natural stone is two species depending on the composition: siliceous or lime. Knowledge of different properties of these stones is important when choosing cleaning products. Silicon stone mainly consists of silicon and quartz particles, it is distinguished by wear resistance and is easily cleaning with mild acid detergent solutions. Silice-stone stones include granite, sandstone, quartzite, slate, iron sandstone and bluish sandstone (saliva slate).

The limestone consists mainly of calcium carbonate. It can not be washed with solutions containing acid, so it should be cleaned by other means, rather than a silicon stone. Typical limestone stones are marble, travertine, limestone and onyx. Stone type will help determine a simple analysis of acid sensitivity. You will need 120 g of a 10% hydrochloric acid solution or vinegar and pipette. Since a similar analysis can make a stone, carry out this experience on some remaining fragment. Apply a few drops of an acid solution to the surface of the stone. If the stone is lime, the acid drops will begin to bubble or hiss. If no noticeable reaction occurs, it means that you are dealing with a siliceous stone. Salonic acid is a dangerous substance, so it is necessary to protect the surface of the skin from its random hit.

Learn your stone

Granites and marbles Mixed in different parts of the world and there are different color shades and with different mineral compositions. In most cases, marbles and granites can be identified by visible particles on the surface of the stone. On marble usually visible "accomplishments", or high concentration of minerals. In granite minerals, as a rule, are visible as small straps, evenly distributed over the surface of the stone. Each stone has a unique color, texture and crazy.

Sandstones It is very different in color, due to the fact that the stone may contain various minerals and clays. Shades can vary from light gray to yellow or reddish. Dark red-brown sandstone is also called ferrous sandstone. Blue sandstone is a dense and solid stone with thin fibers of greenish-gray or bluish gray.

Limestone - Widely used stone-gray stone with light gray, chumbelle or light brown shades. The characteristic feature of many limestone is the presence of fossil residues in them, often visible on the surface of the stone. Slate is dark green, black, gray, dark red or multicolored. It is most often used for the manufacture of floor plates, roofing tiles and is distinguished by a distinct strut texture.

Stone finish

Polishing Allows you to achieve a shiny surface reflecting the light and emphasizing the color and texture of the material. Similar finish is used for walls, furniture and floor tiles.

Luggage texture - It is a smooth, satin surface, relatively poorly reflective light. In general, the pushing texture is ideal for floors, stairs steps, steps of the porch and other places with intense movement, where polishing can quickly sweep. The gloves texture is also used in furniture and for finishing other surfaces. Fire finish is a surface with a coarse texture, which can often be seen on the granite floor plates.


Spots

Spilled liquid and stains
Immediately blocked the pouring liquid with a paper towel. Do not drain this place, because you can only smear the spilled liquid. Rinse this area several times with simple water and mild soap. Thoroughly dry up a soft cloth. If necessary, repeat the procedure. If the stain remains, refer to the section on the removal of stains.

Removal of stains
Detection of the type of stain on the stone surface is the key to its removal. If you do not understand than contamination caused, try to play the role of detective. Where is the stain: next to the plant, cooking area or bedroom, in which you often use cosmetics? What color stain? What is it forms or drawing? What happens in the zone around the spot? Surface stains are often easily removed by a cleaning agent or with the help of household chemicals. Spots, deeply entered into a stone texture or non-cleaning customized by ordinary means, may require special putty or professional interventions.


Types of spots and the first actions on their elimination

Oil-based (fat, tar, oil, milk, cosmetics)
The oil stain leads to the darkening of the stone and is usually dissolved by chemicals, and then washed off. Gently rinse the place of contamination with a soft, liquid cleaning agent with a bleach or a household detergent, or ammonia alcohol, or a solvent for varnishes, or acetone.

Organizer (coffee, tea, fruit, tobacco, paper, food, urine, leaves, bark, bird litter)
Usually leads to the appearance of a spanwood spot, but it may disappear after the source is eliminated. Ordinary rain and the sun elect and remove similar stains on the street. The room needs to be treated with a spot with a 12% solution of hydrogen peroxide, as well as dropping several drops of ammonic alcohol on it.

Metal (iron, rust, copper, bronze) rust stains have color shades from orange to brownish. They can take the form of pollution sources, such as bolts, screws, tin cans, flower pots, metal fittings, etc. Copper-bronze stains have a greenish or dirty brown tint and appear due to the impact of moisture on the nearby copper, Bronze or brass products. Metal spots need to withdraw using a special putty or paste to remove stains. It is unusually difficult to remove deep rust.

Biological Education (Algae, Puffy Dew, Lichens, Moss, Fungi)
Rinse with a solution (half an hour by 3.5-4 liters of water) of ammonia, or bleach, or hydrogen peroxide. Do not mix bleach with ammonia alcohol! With their compound, a toxic and deadly gas is formed.

Ink (felt-tip pen, ball or ink handle)
Rinse with a bleach or hydrogen peroxide (only stones of light tones!) Or the diluent of varnish, or acetone (only the stones of dark tones!).

Paint Small quantities can be removed by the diluent of varnish or gently scrape the razor blade. The thick layer of paint can be removed only by a commercial solution to remove thick paintworks, which can be purchased in a shopping store. These solutions usually contain caustic soda or alkali. Do not use acid to remove paint from stone. Solutions for removing paint coatings can freeze the surface of the stone, and then need re-polishing. Follow the manufacturer's manual and do not forget to thoroughly rinse the stained area with clean water. Protect your hands with rubber gloves, and the eyes with special glasses and work in a well-ventilated room. Use only wooden or plastic scrapers for removing the hummock or paint clots. Usually emulsion and acrylic paints do not lead to surface contamination. Oil stains can appear when using oil paints, linen olifes, mastic, sealants and seals.

Drops and rings of water (superficial cluster of rigid water)
Polish with a dry iron brush.

Damage from fire and smoke
Older stones and fireplaces with traces of smoke or fire may require more thorough cleaning to restore the original surface. Existing smoke removal tools can save time and strength.

Traces of separation
They can be caused by acid remaining on the surface of the stone. Some materials can destroy the coating, but do not leave stains. Other corrosive and dirt surface. After removing the stains, rinse the surface with clean water and apply polishing powder to marble, which can be purchased in a business store. Wrap the powder into the stone with a damp cloth. Polish until the trace and marble surface disappear and the marble surface will not shine again. Those traces that you cannot delete must process and remove a professional polisher.

EFFLORESCENCE
Under efflorescence, a white powder is meant, which may appear on the surface of the stone under the influence of water containing mineral salts and leakageing from under the surface of the stone. Water passes through the fibers of the stone, and then evaporates. When evaporation, it leaves the powder substance. If the plates are laid recently, wipe this place with mop or remove the powder with a vacuum cleaner. You may have to do this procedure several times as the stone is drying. Do not try to wash off the powder with water, because in this case it will disappear only for a while, and then perform again.

Scratches and cracks
Small surface scratches can be eliminated by a dry iron brush. Deep scratches and cracks on the surface of the stone should be corrected by a professional that will restore polishing.

Masmits or pasta: how to use them

The mask is a liquid cleaning agent or a chemical reagent, mixed with a white absorbing material. As a result, there is a paste of approximately the same consistency as in peanut butter. A layer of a thickness of 0.6-1.21 cm is applied to a polluted surface of a wooden or plastic blade. Then it is necessary to cover with plastic and leave for 24-48 hours. Liquid cleaning agent or chemical reagent stretch the stain into absorbent absorbent. Perhaps this procedure will have to repeat several times in order to completely remove the stain.

Materials for the stain remover

They include kaolin, valillary clay, whitewash, diatomit, crushed chalk, molding plaster or talc. For a square meter, approximately four kilograms of the paste of the stain pressure feeder. Do not mix the whores or valyal (iron) clay with acid chemicals, otherwise they will enter into the reaction and the effect of removal of stains will be negated.

Cleaning products or household chemicals

Oil spots
An aqueous solution of soda (sodium bicarbonate) is required or one of the powder substances for smelting and solvent for varnish.

Organic pollutants
Slide the stain with one of the powder pastoral materials and treat 12% hydrogen peroxide solution or replace hydrogen peroxide with acetone.

RUST
Lach the spot diatomace and existing rust removal agent. Rust stains with difficulty removal, and you may have to call a professional service.

Footprints of the media
Look for these places with one of the powdered, pasty materials and the cast of ammonia alcohol.

Biological Education
Apply the solution of ammonic alcohol, or bleach, or hydrogen peroxide. Do not mix bleach with ammonia alcohol.

Prepare putty.

If you use powder, mix the cleaning agent or household chemicals to the consistency of thick paste. If you use paper, wet it in a chemical solution and let dry, do not apply in liquid form. Rinse the affected area by distilled water. Apply a layer of grinding with a thickness of 0.6 to 1.2 cm: You must close the stain and deceive the surface around it at a distance of 2.5 cm from the stain. Exactly distribute the paste with a wooden or plastic scraper. Cover the smelting plastic and creek the edges of the adhesive tape. Leave the smear to dry for 24-48 hours. In the process of drying, the spot will be pulled out of the stone into the putty material. After about a day, remove the plastic, and let the mask dry further. Then you need to carefully remove the smelting from the stains, rinse this place with clean water and wipe out with a dry soft cloth. If necessary, use a wooden or plastic scraper. Repeat this process up to five times until the stain disappears. If the surface is energized with a chemical reagent, apply a polishing powder and set the jute cloth.