A collection of games that develop communication and moral and volitional qualities of preschoolers. Games that develop the moral qualities of children

"Games that develop communication and moral and volitional qualities of preschoolers"

Completed by: Fur O.N

Psychologist GDO

Content

1.Explanatory note ………………………… .................................... .. 3

2. Games that develop communication of preschoolers .............................................................. 5

3. Games that develop the moral and volitional qualities of preschoolers ………………………………………………………………… 13

4.List of literature ……………………………………………………… .20

Explanatory note

An urgent task at the present time is the upbringing of moral and volitional qualities in preschoolers: independence, organization, perseverance, responsibility, discipline.

The formation of the moral and volitional sphere is an important condition for the comprehensive education of the child's personality. How a preschooler will be brought up in a moral and volitional respect depends not only on his successful education at school, but also on the formation of a life position.

Play is one of the most effective means of moral education for a preschooler.

In preschool age, play is the type of activity in which a personality is formed, its internal content is enriched.The main meaning of play is that the child develops the need to transform the surrounding reality, the ability to create something new. It combines real and fictional phenomena in the plot of the game, endows familiar objects with new properties and functions.

The assimilation of new knowledge in the game is much more successful than in the classroom. A learning task posed in a playful form has the advantage that in a play situation the child understands the very need to acquire new knowledge and methods of action. A child, carried away by an attractive idea of a new game, does not notice that he is learning, although at the same time he now and then encounters difficulties that require a restructuring of his ideas and cognitive activity. If in class a child completes the task of an adult, then in the game he solves his own problem.

The game allows the teacher to gain the trust and affection of the children. Babies really like it because it meets their basic needs. First, there is the need for movement. It is known that small children are big fidgets, running is much easier for them than walking, and the most difficult thing is to sit still. This game allows you to run and jump without any special restrictions. The pleasure of movement makes children feel great. Secondly, the need for communication and goodwill of an adult is satisfied. The fact that the teacher plays with them on equal terms, laughs with them, relieves tension, instills cheerfulness and cheerfulness in children. And, finally, thirdly, play satisfies the children's need for new pleasant experiences. This is the impression of an artistic word, of an imaginary life situation, so familiar to kids.

Communication, various life situations create conditions for the child's play activity, which contributes to the moral education of the child.

The games presented are an effective means of developing communication and moral and volitional qualities of preschoolers.

Games are based on the following principles:
- the combination of elements of play and learning in the child's activity and a gradual transition from games-fun through games-tasks to educational and cognitive activities;
- gradual complication of the learning task and conditions of the game;
- increasing the child's mental activity in solving the proposed tasks;
- organic connection and interdependence between the external and internal (mental) activity of the child and a gradual transition to more intense mental work;
- the unity of teaching and educational influences.

During the games, they decidethe following tasks:

Foster friendly relationships between children, the habit of playing, working, doing together; to form the ability to negotiate, help each other; the desire to please elders with good deeds;

Foster a respectful attitude towards people around. Explain to children that they should not interfere with the conversation of adults;

Learn to listen to the interlocutor and not interrupt him unnecessarily;

To foster a caring attitude towards kids, the elderly. Learn to help them;

Form such qualities as responsiveness, fairness and modesty;

Develop volitional qualities: the ability to limit your desires, overcome obstacles standing in the way of achieving goals, obey the requirements of adults and fulfill established norms of behavior, follow a positive example in your actions;

Enrich the dictionary with formulas of verbal politeness: "hello", "goodbye", "please", "sorry", "thank you", etc .;

To develop in boys and girls the qualities inherent in their sex (in boys - the desire to help girls, to give way, to give a chair, to let themselves in front of the door; in girls - modesty, caring for others);

Form self-esteem of their actions, teach to kindly evaluate the actions of other people;

To cultivate the desire to express your attitude to the surrounding reality;

Form the ability to calmly defend your opinion;

To foster a desire to learn about the culture of their people (through fairy tales, proverbs, sayings, works of folk decorative art), to form a respectful attitude towards it.

2. Games that develop communication in preschoolers.

Who did I make friends with

Age: 3-5 years old.

Required equipment: a box with holes for the size of a child's hand.

The course of the game.

Participants put one hand each in the holes of the box. The hand of one child finds the hand of another child and carefully feels it, the task of the players is to remember the sensations. After that, the child must guess whose hand he touched in the box. It is prohibited to exchange words or other speech signals.

Note. The game involves as many people as there are holes in the box.

Learn by Cotton

Age: 5-6 years old.

Purpose of the game: development of non-verbal communication skills.

The course of the game.

The driver is chosen, who sits with his back to the players. Players first clap their hands once and say their name. The driver listens attentively and tries to remember who claps how. Then the players continue to clap; but no longer named. The driver must guess who produced the cotton.

Brave - cowardly

Age: 2-4 years old.

Purpose of the game: development of the child's communicative sensitivity.

The course of the game.

Life in the forest

Age: 4-5 years old.

Purpose of the game:

Game progress.

Educator (sits on the carpet, seating the children around him): Imagine that you are in the forest and speak different languages. But you need to communicate with each other somehow. How to do it? How to ask about something, how to express your benevolent attitude without saying a word? To ask a question, how are you doing, we clap our palm on the palm of a comrade (showing). To answer that everything is fine, we tilt our head to his shoulder; we want to express friendship and love - we gently stroke the head (show). Ready?

Then they started. It is early morning, the sun came out, you just woke up ...

The teacher unfolds the further course of the game arbitrarily, making sure that the children do not talk to each other. Communication without words excludes quarrels, disputes, contracts, etc.

Good elves

Age: 5-6 years old.

Purpose of the game:organize children, bring them closer to each other,develop non-verbal communication skills.

Game progress.

Educator (sits on the carpet, seating the children around him):

Once upon a time, people, fighting for survival, were forced to work day and night. Of course, they were very tired. The good elves took pity on them. With the onset of night, they began to fly to people and, gently stroking them, tenderly lull them to sleep with kind words. And people fell asleep. And in the morning, full of strength, they took up work with renewed vigor.

Now we will play the role of ancient people and good elves. Those who sit on my right hand will play the roles of these workers, and those on the left - elves. Then we will switch roles. And so the night came. People, exhausted from fatigue, continue to work, and good elves fly in and lull them ...

A wordless act is played out.

Inflate the bubble

Age: 5-6 years old.

Purpose of the game: to promote the establishment of relationships between children and an adult.

The course of the game.

The facilitator invites all the children to sit on the chairs arranged in a semicircle and asks one of them: “What is your name? Say it out loud for everyone to hear! " The child says his name, and the adult lovingly repeats it: "Masha, let's go play!" The leader takes the child by the hand, goes with him to the next baby and asks his name. Repeating the child's name affectionately, but so that everyone can hear him, he invites him to join them and give Mashenka a hand. Now the three of them are going to invite the next child to take part in the game. This is how all the children take turns holding hands. At first, it is better to approach those pupils who express a desire to join the game, and it is more expedient to invite constrained, inhibited children last. If someone still refuses to play, you shouldn't insist on it. Gradually, watching the game, they will become infected with it and also want to be in a team.

When all the children are invited, a long chain is formed. The adult takes the last child by the hand and closes the circle. “Look how many of us are there! What a big circle, like a bubble! - says an adult. "Now let's make a little circle."

Together with the presenter, the children become a tight circle and begin to "inflate the bubble": tilting their heads down, the kids blow into fists, one under the other, like a pipe. At the same time, they straighten up and take in air, and then bend over again, blow air into their tube and utter the sound "f-f-f-f". These steps are repeated two to three times. Each time they inflate, everyone takes a step back, as if the bubble has expanded slightly. Then everyone joins hands and gradually expands the circle, moving and saying the following words:

Blow up, bubble

Blow up big

Stay that way

Don't burst !!!

It turns out to be a large extended circle. The presenter enters it, touches each pair of joined hands, then suddenly stops and says: "The bubble has burst!" Everyone claps their hands, pronounces the word "Clap!" and run into a bunch (to the center).

After that, the game starts over, that is, the bubble inflates again. And you can end the game like this. When the bubble bursts, the adult says: "Little bubbles flew, flew, flew, flew ..." Children scatter in different directions.

Who came to us?

Age: 4-6 years old.

Purpose of the game: to organize children, to bring them closer to each other, to enrich the game and social experience.

Game progress.

The presenter puts the children on high chairs and informs that different animals will come to visit them today, and which ones they should guess about themselves. He calls two or three children (the most courageous and resourceful), walks to the side with them and quietly, so that the rest cannot be heard, agrees which guest this or that child will portray. An adult helps each of them find movements that match his role, as well as onomatopoeia. Sets the order of their exit.

Returning to the rest of the children, the presenter announces; "Here comes the first guest who came to us, show yourself!" The first guest comes out. If it is a dog, the child imitates its bark ("woof-woof-woof") and waves its hand from behind like a tail, if the kitten meows and lies on the carpet on its back, if the rooster proudly raises its head, waves its bent arms-wings and screams loudly “Crow!”, And if a goat has come, it puts out its horns and jumps.

Children guess who came to them, and kindly, warmly receive the guest. The presenter tries to complement the image of the animal, activate the imagination of all the participants in the game and gives an example of a friendly attitude towards the guest: “What a wonderful dog came to us, what ears it has, what nose ...”, etc. After playing with the dog, the children sit it down on the chair. There is a knock on the door and the next guest appears. After meeting the third guest, the adult calls other children to him and distributes roles between them.

The game is repeated until each child is in the role of a guest.

In the future, the game can be played differently. The presenter distributes object pictures to the children, which depict animals or birds familiar to them: a crow, a sparrow, a duck, a goose, a dog, a cat, a pig, a cow, a horse, etc., and some pictures may be repeated. Putting their pictures on the chairs, face down, the children take turns approaching the presenter and report what is depicted. The adult prompts the child to move in accordance with the image, and helps to enter into his role. Otherwise, the game continues as described above.

Firefighters

Age: 3-5 years old.

Purpose of the game: development of the child's volitional qualities.

Necessary equipment: Swedish stairs, bell.

The course of the game.

A bell is attached to the very top of the Swedish staircase. Children are divided into two teams. The player of each team is a firefighter who needs to climb the stairs to the very top and ring the bell. The team wins, all members of which will be the first to complete the task. The game starts at the command of the host.

Good and bad

Age: 3-6 years old.

Purpose of the game: to teach children to see the difference between good and bad, to distinguish between positive and negative character traits.

The course of the game.

Children are encouraged to remember what good and bad characters they have met in fairy tales. Then two "contrasting" characters are selected (for example, a hare and a fox). Children should first name the character traits of the positive character and his characteristic actions, and then describe the character and behavior of the negative character. It is important that the children determine which qualities of a person can be changed and which cannot.

Note. The older the children are, the easier it is for an adult to transfer the conversation from the characters to the players themselves, to help children analyze their positive and negative qualities. The task is to develop self-criticism in children. However, it must be remembered that preschoolers are not yet able to assess themselves objectively, they have an overestimated self-esteem, but this is normal.

Bridge

Age: 3-5 years old.

Purpose of the game: to develop mutual trust in children, to instill in them a sense of mutual assistance.

Necessary equipment: any thick shawl or scarf.

The course of the game.

The game is played in pairs. In each pair, one of the participants is blindfolded. The other participant's task is to lead the partner along a thin bridge (made of strips of paper) over an imaginary deep abyss. To complicate the task, you can create various obstacles in the way of the players. For example, the bridge may lack links, and then you need to either take a wide step or jump. Or let the vines hang low - then, passing under them, you will bend to the ground or crawl.

Then the pairs change so that all participants have been in both the role of the leader and the follower.

Wind and sun

Age: 5-6 years old.

Purpose of the game: to teach children to achieve their goals by gently influencing a partner, convincing him with affection, not aggression, treating him with respect and attention.

The course of the game.

The presenter tells the children a parable based on Aesop's fable.

“Once the Wind and the Sun argued which of them is stronger. To resolve the dispute, they decided to measure their strength. And at this time a man was walking along the road. The wind said: "Look how I will now tear off the traveler's cloak." And he began to blow as best he could. But the harder the wind tried, the more the traveler wrapped himself up in his cloak. The wind was angry and showered the man with rain and snow. And he continued to wrap himself up and scold the bad weather.

The sun, seeing that the wind was failing, came out from behind the clouds. Smiled, warmed the wet and frozen traveler. Feeling the warmth, the man himself took off his cloak and thanked the sun.

"You see," the Sun said to the Wind, "you can achieve much more with caress and kindness than with anger and strength."

After the children have listened to the parable, they are invited to stand in a circle and join hands. A driver is chosen from among the players, who is located in the center of the circle. The driver's task is to get out of the circle. To do this, he must ask someone standing in the circle to release him. If the driver managed to persuade any of the participants, then this participant takes the place of the driver, etc.

Turnip

Age: 3-5 years old.

Purpose of the game: to teach children to interact with each other, to develop in them a sense of mutual help and justice.

Equipment Needed: a small turnip toy.

The course of the game.

Children are invited to remember the tale "The Turnip". The facilitator helps the children (if necessary) to assign roles. Then the children, together with the presenter, act according to the scenario of the fairy tale.

The host says: “My grandfather planted a turnip. The turnip has grown big, very large. My grandfather began to drag a turnip out of the ground. It pulls, pulls, cannot pull. " After that, the presenter asks the question: "What is the grandfather to do?" Children answer: "Call grandma!" The child playing the role of the grandfather calls the grandmother. This continues until all the characters of the tale are involved. When the turnip is pulled out of the garden, the leader asks what to do with the turnip now. The children (or the presenter) propose to divide the turnip equally among all the participants in the game.

Note. You can use a bag of sweets as a turnip.

Present

Age: 5-6 years old.

Purpose of the game: to teach children to show attention and generosity in relation to others.

The course of the game.

In a group of children, a driver is chosen - the alleged birthday person. The presenter invites the children to fantasize a little and pick up a gift for the birthday boy. A gift can be anything, even unusual, fantastic. The driver listens carefully to the participants and then says what gift he really would like to receive.

Shaggy dog

Age: 5-6 years old.

Purpose of the game: educating children of endurance, the ability to overcome their shyness and observe some elementary rules.

The course of the game.

A circle is drawn on the ground. This is the home for the shaggy dog. At a distance of 2-3 steps from it, a line is drawn to which children must reach. From this line, at a distance of 15-20 steps, a second line is drawn, where the children will flee from the shaggy dog. One of the children is entrusted with the role of a shaggy dog - he goes to his house and waits for the children to come to him. The presenter brings the children to the line of their house and arranges them in a line. First, the leader himself leads the line of children, setting the direction and pace of the movement, and pronounces the following words, which all the children repeat with him:

Here sits a shaggy dog

Burying his nose in his paws.

Quietly, quietly he sits,

Either asleep, or asleep.

Let's go to him, wake him up

And let's see if something happens!? ...

Under this text, all the children, holding hands, sneak up to the line next to the dog's house. On the last two lines, they reach out and touch him. The dog at this time should not move: sitting with his eyes closed, he allows himself to be stroked. Suddenly, unexpectedly for the children, the dog opens its eyes and barks, and the kids run away to their house (beyond the line). The dog runs after the children, barks at them, and when everyone runs behind the line, he returns to his house. Each child selected for this role performs it no more than two times, after which a new dog is selected.

Rules of the game:

Do not touch the dog until the text ends;

The dog does not move and does not open his eyes until he is touched;

You can run to your house and save yourself only after the dog barks.

Compliance with these rules teaches children to endure and organized behavior in a team.

Brave mice

Age: 5-6 years old.

The goal of the game is to educate children for endurance, the formation of self-control (in the accuracy of following the rules), the ability to overcome their shyness.

The course of the game.

The game begins with the organization of the play space, in which the children themselves actively participate: they put chairs for all participants. In front, perpendicular to the line of chairs, two lines are drawn at a distance of about 20 steps; a house for a trap ("cat") is drawn opposite the chairs. After that, all the children sit on the prepared chairs. The presenter chooses 5-6 people from them for the role of mice, and one for the role of a cat. The mice stand at the line, and the cat takes its place in the house. With the beginning of the poetic text, which the teacher says together with all the children, the mice take several steps towards the second line. The following well-known text by S.Ya. Marshak:

The mice came out one day

See what time it is.

One two three four -

The mice pulled the weights ... (Stopping approximately in the middle of the space between the two lines, the mice move their hands as if pulling the weights, and the children on the chairs clap their hands).

Suddenly there was a terrible ringing! (... long pause ...)

The mice run away!

With the last words, which are pronounced abruptly and unexpectedly, the mice run away, and the cat catches them. Mice can escape from the cat behind any line, moving either backward or forward (of their choice). The cat can catch them only in the space between the two lines. Only those mice that the cat touched are considered caught (you cannot grab and drag children).

The actions of the mice and the cat are immediately evaluated: this is one of the main moments of the game. Children on high chairs, acting as a jury, together with the presenter, note which mice were brave, whom the cat caught, was the cat a good one, did anyone break the rules of the game. The leader, asking leading questions, should help children notice all violations of the rules and encourage those children who started to run on time and clearly followed all the rules. After that, new mice and a cat are selected and the game is repeated from the beginning.

The first time, this game is best done indoors, where there are fewer distractions and is easier to focus on. Later, when the children learn the rules of the game, it can be played outside.

Bibliography:

1. Boguslavskaya, 3. M. Developing games for children of younger preschool age / ZM Boguslavskaya, EO Smirnova. - M .: Education, 1991.-207 p.

2. Belyakov, E. A. 365 educational games / comp. Belyakov E.A. - M .: AIRIS PRESS, 1998 .-- 304 p.

3.Grigorieva A.A., Andreeva L.D.

The role of play in the moral and volitional education of older children

preschool age.-M .: 2001.- 236s.

4. Latiy, E. A. 365 games and ideas for small children [Text] / E. A. Lati. - M .: EKSMO, 2002 .-- 752 p.

5. Children's psychology [Electronic resource]. - http://psyparents.ru/

Business game for educators "Moral education of preschoolers"

Yakovleva Olga Vasilievna educator of the State Budgetary Educational Institution "School No. 842", Moscow
Work description: I offer you a business game for educators "Moral education of preschoolers." This material will be useful for educators, senior educators, methodologists of preschool departments. The business game is aimed at increasing the professional competence, pedagogical skills of educators in the implementation of the tasks of moral education of preschool children.

Target
Improving work on the moral education of preschoolers in the Institution.
Tasks
To improve knowledge, professional competence, pedagogical skills of educators in the implementation of the tasks of moral education.
Develop the ability to discuss and agree on the proposed questions and tasks. Develop the creative activity of the participants.
Game attributes: Team emblems, sheets of paper, pens, a reminder "Sow kindness in children's souls", forms-protocols from the jury.
Rules of the game: Be able to listen to others.
Develop a general solution to the issue.
Take an active part in the game.
Do not challenge the jury's assessment.
Observe the culture of speech and tact. Distribution by teams. Presentation by the jury, host.
Exercise 1
Working with the memo "Sow kindness in children's souls"
Leading: Open and read the memo. What advice, in your opinion, are the most important ones that help in fostering good feelings?
Opposite the advice that was in practice and gave positive results, put a "+" sign. Try to substantiate your opinion with examples from practice. Opposite to the advice that has never been used in practice "-". Above the advice that caused surprise "!".
What other advice (used by you in practice) could you offer more.
Instructions for the educator
Sowing kindness in children's souls means:
1. To enjoy the manifestation of attention and sensitivity of children.
2. Affectionately and only by name to call children.
3. Do not discuss actions in front of strangers, so as not to cause negative feelings in other children.
4. Read poems, fairy tales, stories on this topic.
5. Teach children about kindness.
6. Make fairy tales of kindness with children.
7. Use proverbs about kindness.
8. Create situations that call for kindness and compassion.
9. Do not humiliate the child.
10. After the comment, touch the child and make it clear that you sympathize with him.
11. Tell parents about the good deeds of children.
12. Find the strengths of each child.
13. Pay special attention to those children who do not receive recognition among children.
14. Don't read long notations.
15. Discuss positive situations with children, for example: "How Misha helped us out", "Why I love my girlfriend", "Our good deeds"
16.Take care of the younger ones (give gifts, toys, help dress, etc.)
17.To relieve stressful states of children in a group, you can hang a punching bag, put an "angry" mirror in a secluded place.

Assignment 2
"Planning an ethical conversation"
Leading: One of the forms of teaching and upbringing of preschoolers is ethical conversations that help children master the norms and rules of moral behavior. The teacher prepares, conducts and guides the conversation. In the course of the conversation, the teacher not only asks questions for discussion, but also looks for the main thing that stimulates children to think, express their point of view, and prove it.
The positive attitude of children towards the conversation is achieved through:
- posing questions that are understandable to children and practically important for them, related to everyday experience;
- presentation of material in a figurative form that can arouse the interest of a preschooler, attract their attention;
- encouraging the activity of children, their desire to take part in the conversation.
Teams are tasked with making a plan for an ethical conversation.

Assignment 3
"Discussion of situations"
1. You suddenly heard such an agreement from the children: "I will give you a candy, and you will take me into the game." Your actions.
2. The child tripped and fell. None of his comrades notice his tears. Your words and actions.

Assignment 4
"Compliment"
Leading: The basis of the communicative interaction of preschoolers with adults and peers is the need for benevolent attention. A compliment is a means of attention, approval. It is important that children hear compliments from educators, parents, and peers.
You are encouraged to write as many compliments as possible in the following areas:
1.Approval of appearance
2. Approval of personality traits
3. Business Approval

Assignment 5
Competition "Proverbs about good"
Leading: Remember and name the proverbs about kindness.
Proverbs about kindness
A kind word - a kind answer.
Good is good everywhere.
A kind person will come as if he will bring light.
Kind hello to the cat, too.
The host is glad to see a good guest.
It is not clothes that color a person, but his good deeds.
A good son is joy to his father, a bad son is sorrow.
Whoever gets angry in vain has a headache.
The clever one blames himself, the stupid one blames his comrade.
The kind man does the deed rather than the angry one.
As it comes around, it will respond.
The hut is not red with the corners, but red with pies.
The more rich they are, the more happy they are.
Do not judge others, look at yourself.
What you don’t love in others, don’t do it yourself.
It is bad for him who does not do good to anyone.
Friends are known in misfortune.
If you love to take, love and give.
It is hard for him who remembers evil.
Good century will not be forgotten.
An affectionate word also tames the storm.
Good does not die, but evil disappears.
A bad person if he does not remember good.
Don't hurry to punish, hurry to have mercy.
Remember the good, but forget the evil.
Good deeds live for centuries.
It is a good deed to be remembered for centuries.
Having done good, do not repent; having done badly - do not expect good.
The word heals - the word also hurts.

Assignment 6
Ideas bank
All participants are invited to replenish the Bank of Ideas by answering the question: How to build partnerships with parents of pupils on the issues of moral education of children, what activities can you suggest? (Discussion)

Summing up the business game
The jury discusses the answers and evaluates them. Not only their correctness is taken into account, but also the behavior of team members during the discussion, correctness, clarity, literacy.
The host announces the overall result (as estimated by the jury), presents small souvenirs, thanks for participation.

Dauletalieva Zh.A., educator

West-Kazakhstan region

Uralsk city

GKKP I / Garden No. 4 "Birch"

Article

"Play - as a means of moral and spiritual

upbringing of preschoolers "

“Without play, there is no, and there cannot be, full-fledged development. Play is a huge bright window through which a life-giving stream of ideas and concepts pours into the child's spiritual world. The game is a spark that kindles a spark of inquisitiveness and curiosity "

V. A. Sukhomlinsky

In all ages, people have highly appreciated the moral upbringing of a person. The problem of moral education of preschool children is relevant in the current situation in modern society. The resulting value vacuum, lack of spirituality, caused by the alienation of a person from culture as a way of preserving and transmitting values, leads to a change in the understanding of good and evil in the younger generation and puts society in front of the danger of moral degradation. The very process of moral education of a preschooler requires rethinking.

In the preschool years, under the guidance of adults, the child acquires an initial experience of behavior, attitudes towards loved ones, peers, things, nature, and learns the moral norms of society. It is necessary to form in them such important features for each person as love for the Motherland, benevolence and respect for others, respect for the results of people's labor, a desire to help them as much as possible, activity and initiative in independent activities.

I believe that solving the problems of moral education of modern preschoolers through play will allow us to more deeply comprehend the ways, means, possibilities and specifics of pedagogical work with children in kindergarten, in the process of which children will be able to actively rethink the accumulated moral experience.

Therefore, the purpose of my work on the topic of creative search "Play as a means of teaching and educating preschoolers" is the formation of moral, social qualities of the child in the process of play.

In play, the child learns and is brought up more successfully than in special classes, since play is the type of activity in which the personality is formed, its internal content is enriched.The main meaning of play associated with the activity of the imagination is that the child develops a need in transforming the surrounding reality and the ability to create new things.

In the plot of the game, the child connects real and fictional phenomena, endows familiar objects with new properties and functions. Taking a role (doctor, circus performer, driver), the child does not just try on a profession and the peculiarities of someone else's personality: he enters it, gets used to it, penetrating into her feelings and moods, enriching and thereby deepening his own personality.

Parents often think that playing is fun, entertainment. Not recognizing and not understanding play means not understanding and underestimating preschool childhood, not satisfying the spiritual needs of the child.

If parents are sincerely interested in their child's games, treat them seriously, with respect, then the child does not feel awkward in their presence, trustingly shares with them his ideas about what he wants to play, listens to the advice of his elders.

Games for older children require purposeful, thoughtful organization on the part of adults. Otherwise, a gap between life and play experience of the child is possible.

The main way of enriching the game with moral content lies through familiarizing children with the phenomena of social life and fostering a positive attitude towards them.

Therefore, I carry out purposeful work on the development of moral and spiritual qualities in children by using plot-role, didactic, active, theatrical games in my work, since not only mental, aesthetic and physical, but also the moral development of the child is important in the game, which helps the baby to better navigate in moral norms, to see the beautiful in the environment.

To ensure an organized, interesting and meaningful life for children in kindergarten, I use a variety of games in age groups.

I am sure that play is also very important for the upbringing of strong-willed character traits in preschoolers: the ability to set a goal, find means for its implementation, and overcome difficulties.

I also attach great importance to individual work, in which the main thing is education and training in the game, through the game.

Thus, actions in an imaginary plan (in play) help the child to come to an understanding of the motives of behavior, and the emotional attitude towards the hero begins to separate from the moral assessment of his actions.

I assign a big place in the moral and spiritual education of children to folk games, the peculiarity of which is that they, having a moral foundation, teach the baby to find harmony with the world around him. Children develop a stable, interested, respectful attitude to the culture of their native country, an emotionally positive basis for the development of moral feelings is created. In terms of content, folk games are laconic, expressive and accessible to a child. They cause an active work of thought, contribute to the broadening of horizons, clarification of ideas about the world around us.

In conclusion, I would like to note that with the help of games, preschool children imperceptibly learn to act in accordance with the moral norms accepted in human society.

I believe that play for older preschoolers continues to be the leading activity that determines different aspects of personality development, including morality. In the game, moral rules are learned. It remains one of the most important means of fostering social behavior: children learn to restrain their egoism, give in, obey generally accepted rules.

Exciting games help to make the educational process not difficult and boring, but interesting and entertaining.

It is in the process of interacting with equal partners that the child will acquire such qualities as mutual trust, kindness, willingness to cooperate, the ability to get along with others, defend their rights, and rationally resolve conflicts that arise.

A child who has a varied positive experience of interacting with peers begins to more accurately assess himself and others, his own capabilities and the capabilities of others, therefore, his creative independence and social competence grows.

So start working with children from childhood, play games with them, and the sooner the better!

Help your child learn to acquire knowledge on his own. Rejoice in every success of your child, even the slightest attempt to prove himself, especially if this is the first time. Let him see that learning and knowing is interesting and necessary for everyone. And your child will certainly become outstanding.

Article "Play - as a means of moral education of preschoolers"

"Piggy bank of lessons - site for teachers" 21.10.2016)

Target: to clarify the concept of the word "trust", to cultivate the desire to be true to one's word, not to deceive, not to let others down.

Material: a circle, divided into sectors, where the beginnings of sentences are inscribed; pencil, arrow.

The course of the didactic game: put the pencil in the center of the circle, unwind the arrow; continue the sentence indicated by the arrow, explain it.

The game "Mystery of the Peaceful Home"

Target: to teach children to build relationships in the family and society, based on light, to help loved ones, to take care of them.

Material: a house with windows - verses from scripture - at the teacher's (complete picture), the same houses, but cut into fragments, at children.

Game progress: the teacher reads verses from the Holy Scriptures in the windows of the house, explains in his own words what they say; children should lay out the fragments at home so that they get a complete picture.

The game "Which of the things created by God seems to you the most important»

Target: to consolidate the knowledge of the biblical story about the creation of the world, to bring the biblical idea of the beauty and purposefulness of the world, the need to take care of it.

Material: pictures showing animate and inanimate nature.

Game progress: the teacher invites the children to look at the pictures and choose what, in their opinion, is the most important thing created by God. Explain your choice. To bring to the understanding that everything in the world is beautiful and expedient, one cannot exist without the other. Suggest that we think about what each of us can do to save this world.

The game "I can help others»

Target: to teach children to build relationships in the family and society, based on the bright evangelical ideas of love and mercy, to help relatives and friends, to take care of them.

Material: a circle, divided into sectors, with the image of objects; pencil, arrow.

Game progress: you need to put the arrow in the center of the circle and fix it with a pencil lead so that it can move freely around it. Click to unwind the arrow. Based on the subject indicated by the arrow, tell what good the child can do in this case. For example: an arrow points to a broom, a child can tell that he could help his mother, etc.

The game "God's commandments»

Target: to consolidate the moral content of God's commandments; to instill in children the desire to live according to the commandments.

Material: plot pictures.

Game progress: invite the children to determine which commandment the plot of the picture corresponds to, and which pictures reflect the moral rules invented by people.

The game "Stone of wisdom»

Target: teach children to control their behavior when communicating with other people.

Material: beautiful medium-sized stone.

Game progress: the teacher informs the children that she has a stone of wisdom in her hands. Anyone who takes him can say whatever he wants, but only as long as he does not move on to the next child at the signal of the teacher. All other children at this time should be silent and listen to the speaker.

Analysis: at the end of the game, the teacher asks the children to answer the questions: do the children like it if they are interrupted; how they feel when they want to say something, and at this time the comrades are talking; how they feel when everyone listens to them carefully.

The game "The path of trust»

Target:, develop curiosity, tactile perception.

Material: bells for every second child, a blindfold.

Game progress: children are divided into pairs, one of them is a "guide", the other is a "blind". The “guide” should guide the “blind” so that he feels calm and confident, pausing from time to time so that the “blind” can touch the obstacle. The "guide" warns of the danger by ringing a bell.

Analysis: the teacher asks the children: how they felt when they were “blind”; whether the “guide” guided them carefully; whether they were aware of where they were; which is better - lead or be led.

The game "Night Train»

Target: help children to master, to act harmoniously, with full trust in each other.

Material: blindfolds.

Game progress: the teacher reminds that Christmas is coming soon, and the children of one small town are waiting for the gifts that the train will bring. But he will drive at night through a dark snow-covered forest, and only the locomotive has headlights. A child is assigned - a "locomotive", some children - "trailers", another part - "trees". "Trees" should be positioned so that there is enough space between them, they should not move, but they can emit a quiet "shhhh ..." at the moment when the "locomotive" is threatened by a collision with a tree. Children make up the train, putting their hands on the shoulders of the person in front, they blindfold the "carriages". Lokomotiv is transporting wagons with gifts, carefully driving past the trees.

The game "My heavenly patron»

Target:; foster a desire to do good deeds without demanding praise; develop a coherent monologue speech.

Material: reproductions of images of saints.

Game progress: the child finds an image of his saint, names him and talks about vivid fragments of his life.

Didactic improvisation game "Who knocks»

Target:, imaginative thinking, fantasy; activate the dictionary; teach to listen to the sounds of the environment.

Game progress: for improvisation, the child is offered the topic "Nature, natural phenomena", on the basis of which he builds his answer. The teacher can use literary works that describe natural sounds and phenomena. A comparison of the answer options and their discussion is carried out. For example, key phrases: “knocks softly”, “knocks loudly”, “knocks late”.

Educator. Tone. Tone. Tone. Open the door! Who knocks so softly? (Child's answer.) It's me, a maple leaf. Tone. Tone. Tone. Open the door! Who knocks so loud? (Child's answer option.) It's me, mountain wind. Tone. Tone. Tone. Open the door! Who knocks so late? (Child's answer.) It's me, the moonlight.

The game "Tell and show»

Target:, dialogical speech, the ability to correlate the meaning of a phrase with an action; prepare for the child to be able to make the right choice in difficult life situations.

Game progress: the teacher begins the phrase, and the child ends with a detailed answer and imitates it with a movement.

If someone is resting, then ...? (you need to be quiet, not make noise, walk on tiptoe ... The child shows everything said in motion.)

If you get lost in the forest, then ...?

If someone is crying, then ...?

If the ground is dry, then ...?

It's winter outside, are you going for a walk, then ...?

If someone is guilty, then ...?

Didactic fairy tale game "Curious magpie»

Target: give children the concept of curiosity as bad manners and vice; develop coherent speech and thinking.

Material: fairy tale "Curious Magpie" by R. Kirkos.

Game progress: conversation with children:

When do questions arise and are asked? (While studying something; in a dialogue for the purpose of some action, work; to help in something ...)

Are there good and bad questions? Why? (Answers of children.)

Why is curiosity considered a bad character trait and hurts others? (Curiosity gives rise to empty, unhelpful questions and conversations. This often violates someone else's secret and is considered a human vice.)

How is curiosity different from curiosity? (The curious is interested in someone else's life, other people's secrets, this is a sin and bad manners. An inquisitive learns something, acquires knowledge, develops his abilities for the benefit of himself and others.)

The game "Ball»

Target: development of rhythmic hearing, memory, vocabulary expansion; education of obedience.

Material: ball.

Game progress: to read to children S. Marshak's poem "The Ball". Conversation with children:

With what words does the boy describe his ball in the poem?

What actions does the ball take in the poem?

Using a figurative example of a ball, you need to explain to children what kind of disaster can happen from haste, haste and disobedience.

Variant of the game: we name the word and invite the children to choose a group of words for it that are suitable in meaning.

Fast - (mind, run, answer).

Yellow - (color, leaf, chicken, sunset).

Variant of the game: for each hit of the ball (you can throw it from hand to hand), words of the same category are called in turn, for example: flowers, animals, trees, birds, etc.

Card file of games for the formation of moral qualities in preschoolers

Second junior group

An outdoor game "Vaska the Cat".

Target. During

playing children learn the characteristic movements of animals.

The course of the game. Children (mice) sit on chairs or carpet. One child is Vaska the cat. He walks on tiptoes, looks left and right, meows.

Teacher and children.

White Vaska walks, Vaska's tail is gray, A flies like an arrow, A flies like an arrow.

The cat runs to the chair at the end of the room and sits on it - falls asleep.

Children. Eyes are closing -

Sleeping or pretending? Cat's Teeth - Sharp Saw.

One mouse says that she will go and see if the cat is sleeping. Looking, she waves her hands, inviting other mice to her. The mice run up to her, scratch the chair where the cat is sleeping.

Vaska the cat. Only the mice will scratch, Gray Vaska is right there. He will catch everyone!

The cat gets up and runs after the mice, they run away from him.

Game-dramatization "In the grandmother's yard"

Target. Play develops in children the ability to understand the emotional state of animals (by the nature of movements, gait, etc.) and the peculiarities of their communication.

Didactic material - toys or caps-masks of a cat, chicken, chickens, cockerel, pigs; plasticine; an envelope with pictures of animals.

The course of the game. The children's group room turns into a grandmother's yard. At the window of the house there is a bench on which a cat (soft toy) lies. At the other end of the bench is a saucer of milk and a bowl of grain, and under the bench is a trough.

The teacher first portrays the grandmother himself, and then the child is chosen for this role. Granny. Hello children. Sit down. Do you know who lives in my yard? I'll show you all of them today. My cat Vaska lives with me. At night he catches mice, and in the daytime he lies on the embankment, basking in the sun and purring. Do you know how? Let's call him. (He takes the cat in his arms and strokes it.) Come too. Pet it. And who will tell Vaska about the cat?

Game-dramatization "Masha is having lunch"

Target. The game brings up love in children, respect for animals, the desire to take care of them; provides the basis for communication between people and animals; teaches children to imitate animal voices.

Didactic material - toy or cardboard characters (doll Masha, dog, chicken, cat); table with dishes, bowl, saucer; recordings of musical works by M. Rauchwenger "Dog", A. Alexandrov "Cat", E. Tilicheev "Hen and Chickens".

The course of the game. The teacher tells the children that the fairy tale "Masha is having dinner" has come to visit them. In the first game, the teacher plays all the roles himself, showing the children an example, involving them in imitating the voices of animals. In the course of the action, the teacher exposes the appropriate toys or pictures.

After the meal, the animals and Masha thank for the food and ask the children: "Do you children always say thank you for the food?"

Distributing toys for independent play to children, the teacher asks everyone if he knows how a chicken screams, a dog barks, a cat meows.

Children are in the replay. Themselves deduce characters and imitate their voices. For the role of Mashenka, you can choose a girl who herself will serve the cat, dog and chicken food.

At the end of the game, the teacher always asks the children who feeds what animals and birds, whether they help adults to take care of them, how they communicate with animals, how they find out if they are in a good or bad mood, whether they want to eat, etc.

When conducting classes on this topic with children, the following lesson notes can be used, which can be included in one sequence or another, depending on the age and personal development of the child (children).

Game-dramatization "Teddy bear - guesser"

Target. Play teaches children the ability to get to know each other, wait patiently and communicate correctly in a play situation.

Didactic material: a large soft toy Bear, a shawl for blindfolds.

The course of the game. Children sit in a semicircle. A teacher sits with the children. There is a free chair in front of him. The teacher takes the big bear. The bear talks about the child, the children guess.

Game - imitation "Hare"

Target. During the game, children learn to coordinate movements.

Didactic material - hats-masks of a hare, bear, fox, wolf; flannelgraph; cards with images of various wild animals.

The course of the game. Educator. Children, we found ourselves in a forest, and there are many inhabitants in it. Look, a hare has appeared, he did not notice us and is jumping merrily. She puts on the child a hare mask and says:

I am a forest beast, I am not a simple hare. I am a bunny - a bouncy. Long ears, short tail. They say about me, As if I'm a coward, But don't let the Fox and the wolf think that this is so.

Children characterize the hare, Show what quick legs it has, keen eyes, sensitive ears and nose. Then they recite verses, performing movements at the same time:

Once upon a time there was a bunny. Long ears.

(Bring open palms to the back of the head.)

Bunny frostbitten Nose at the edge,

(The fists are brought up to the noses.)

I froze my nose, I froze my tail,

(They show a small Ponytail with their hands.)

And he went to warm up: To visit the children.

Educator. We have a dexterous jump,

Warm gray fluff

Red quick peephole.

A child wearing a hare mask jumps to show the hare's movements, touches the hare's fluff (fur) with his hands and points to his eyes.

Round dance game "Bunny"

Game progress... Children stand in a circle holding hands. There is a sad bunny in the center of the circle.

Children sing:

Bunny, bunny! What's the matter? You are sitting very sick.

You get up, get up, ride! Here's a carrot Get it (2 times),

Get it and dance

Staging game "Bear and Bunny"

The course of the game. The teacher chooses children to play roles, puts on them caps, masks of animals. At the same time, he can invite the children (depending on age) to act out the whole scene or read the main text, while the children will only show the final episode (when Mishka regrets the Bunny. Then he suddenly jumped to the free end! Bunny could not resist, his hands flew up to cover him with his palms, and he jumped - and now it chirps in a completely different place.

Expressive movements: the neck is extended forward, steps on the tips of the fingers.

Finger game "Language of feelings"

Target. Classes on this topic are aimed at giving children an idea of their own emotions and the emotions of other people (good and bad mood), teach them to be attentive to the feelings and desires of other people, and teach them to transmit their emotions to other people by different means.

Didactic material- cards depicting people and animals in different emotional states; hats - masks of animals.

A kind word heals , but the bad cripples.

Target. The game introduces children to the fact that words can influence the feelings and behavior of people.

Game progress ... The educator asks the children if they know that the word can work miracles. The word can make a person laugh, upset, offend. When a person is upset, offended, it is very difficult for him to cope with a bad mood, and a kind word can comfort him.

Our Tanya is crying bitterly -

Dropped a ball into the river.

Hush, Tanya, don't cry,

The ball will not sink in the river.

(A. Barto)

The teacher reads a poem, and then shows it with gestures and facial expressions.

Educator. Do you think Tanya will stop crying? Why? Of course, the words with which they addressed Tanya should help her, console her.

The fairy tale "Ryaba Chicken" can be used in a similar way, which is played in the form of a dramatization.

There lived a grandfather and a woman,

And they had Ryaba chicken.

The chicken took the testicle -

Not simple, but golden.